Iiseli ze-photovoltaic ziye zadlula kwizizukulwana ezithathu zophuhliso lobuchwepheshe:
Isizukulwana sokuqala: Ubuchwepheshe beCrystalline Silicon
Oku kusekelwe kwi-silicon njengesixhobo esiphambili, esibonisa ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-BSF, i-PERC, i-TOPCon, i-HJT, kunye ne-IBC.
Isizukulwana Sesibini: Itekhnoloji yeThin-Film
Zimelwe zizinto ezifana neCopper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS), iCadmium Telluride (CdTe), kunye neGallium Arsenide (GaAs), iiseli zefilimu ezincinci ziye zasokola ukukhuphisana ne-crystalline silicon ngenxa yokusebenza okuphantsi kunye neendleko eziphezulu (ngaphezulu kwe-$2 yeebhiliyoni ngeGW nganye yotyalo-mali). Okwangoku, isabelo sabo semarike singaphantsi kwe-5%.
Isizukulwana Sesithathu: Iiseli zelanga zePerovskite kunye neeOrganic
Esi sizukulwana, silawulwa ziiseli zelanga ze-perovskite, siye sabona uphuhliso olukhawulezileyo kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Sithathwa njengetekhnoloji ethembisayo enokudlula iiseli ze-silicon ezikristale njengempumelelo elandelayo kwi-photovoltaics.
Inkqubela phambili ekusebenzeni kakuhle kokuguqulwa kweeseli ze-photovoltaic
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-silicon ekristale, iiseli ze-perovskite zibonelela ngokusebenza okuphezulu kwethiyori kunye neendleko eziphantsi zemveliso. Iiseli ze-perovskite ezidibeneyo kunye ne-tandem zisebenza kakuhle kwethiyori ye-33% kunye ne-45%, ngokulandelelana, zidlula uphahla lwe-silicon ekristale. Ngokwezoqoqosho, iindleko zexesha elide zeemodyuli ze-perovskite ezidibeneyo ziqikelelwa kwi-0.5–0.6 RMB/W, ephantsi kakhulu kune-silicon ekristale, okwenza ukuba ibe yindawo ephambili yophuhliso lwe-photovoltaic kwixesha elizayo.
Nangona iiseli ze-perovskite zisaqhubeka kwisigaba sokuqala sophuhliso lwemizi-mveliso, zombini iinkampani ze-silicon ezikristale kunye nezingenasimo zityala imali kweli candelo. Imithombo eyahlukeneyo yemali nayo ingene kwimarike, ivuselela umdla obanzi kwaye ikhawulezisa urhwebo.
Imingeni kunye nendlela eya kwiNtengiso
Iiseli zePerovskite zijongene nemingeni enxulumene nozinzo kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa, ekufuneka zisonjululwe ukuze kufezekiswe imveliso enkulu. Imigca yemveliso yovavanyo lwangoku isesekwinqanaba lovavanyo. Imiqobo ephambili ibandakanya ukuphucula uzinzo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokuguqula ngokusebenzisa izixhobo kunye neenkqubo ezingcono. Izinto ezintsha eziphambili, ezifana nezixhobo ezimelana nokufuma kunye negesi, izongezo zokuphucula uzinzo, iileya zokudlulisa umbane, kunye nezixhobo eziphambili, zibalulekile ekoyiseni le miqobo. Uphuhliso kwezi ndawo luya kuqhuba ukwamkelwa kweshishini, kunye ne-PV esasazwe kunye neemveliso zomgangatho wabathengi ezinokuthi zisebenze njengeemeko zokuqala zokusetyenziswa.
Iiseli Ezidibeneyo: Isitshixo Sokuvula Ukusebenza Okusebenzayo
Xa kuthelekiswa neeseli ezidibanayo, ulungelelwaniso lwe-tandem lubonelela ngokusebenza okuphezulu. Phakathi kwezi, iiseli ze-silicon-perovskite ezine-terminal tandem zihambela phambili ngokukhawuleza ukuya kwintengiso ngenxa yesakhiwo sazo esilula kunye neenzuzo zokunyusa ukusebenza kweeseli ze-silicon ezikristalini. Iiseli ze-tandem ezimbini, nangona zinzima ngakumbi, zilungelelanisa ulwakhiwo lweseli kwaye zilungele ngakumbi ukudityaniswa netekhnoloji ye-HJT. Iiseli ze-tandem ezipheleleyo ze-perovskite zimele isisombululo esiphezulu, zibonelela ngokusebenza okuphezulu nangakumbi kunye neendleko eziphantsi.
Ukhuphiswano kunye neNtsebenziswano
Iingcali ze-silicon ezingafaniyo, ezifana ne-GCL Optoelectronics, i-Xinnano, kunye ne-Microquanta, zikhokele uphuhliso lwe-perovskite, zijolise ekungeneni kushishino lwe-PV ngokusebenzisa le teknoloji intsha. Okwangoku, iinkampani ze-silicon zendabuko ze-crystalline zingene kumdyarho kamva kancinci, zigxile kubuchwepheshe be-tandem ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kweeseli ze-silicon ze-crystalline ezikhoyo.
Iinkampani zesilicon ezingafaniyo zijongene nemiqobo yezemali kwaye zinokukhawulezisa uphuhliso lweeseli ezine-terminal tandem ukuqinisekisa imbuyekezo ekhawulezileyo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iinkampani zesilicon ezikristale kusenokwenzeka ukuba zilandele ukuthengwa kweenkampani ezintsha ze-perovskite ukuze zidibanise uphuhliso lwazo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuhlanganisweni kweshishini.
Nangona zikhuphisana, iinkampani ze-silicon ezikristale nezingenasimo zinomgomo ofanayo: ukuqhubela phambili uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-perovskite. Imizamo yokusebenzisana kulindeleke ukuba ilawule kwixesha elifutshane, njengoko omabini amacala esebenza ekufezekiseni amandla apheleleyo ezicelo ze-perovskite kwicandelo le-photovoltaic.
