1. Tirohanga Whānui
Ka taea te whakarōpū whānui i te hangarau rokiroki pūngao ki te rokiroki ā-tinana me te rokiroki matū. Kei roto i te rokiroki ā-tinana ngā hangarau pēnei i te rokiroki wai papu, te hau kōpeke, te rokiroki wira rere, te rokiroki taumaha, me te rokiroki huringa-āhuatanga. Kei roto i te rokiroki matū ngā pākahiko lithium-ion, ngā pākahiko rere, ngā pākahiko konutai-ion, me ngā hangarau rokiroki hauwai (haukini).
Ko te rokiroki pūngao hou e pā ana ki ngā hangarau rokiroki e whakaputa ana i te hiko, engari kāore e uru ki te rokiroki wai e papuhia ana. Ki te whakatauritea ki te rokiroki wai e papuhia ana, ka tukuna e ngā hangarau rokiroki pūngao hou he wāhi ngāwari, he wā hanga poto, he urupare tere, me ngā āhuatanga mahi rerekē.
E whakamahia whānuitia ana ngā hangarau rokiroki pūngao hou i roto i ngā momo rāngai o te pūnaha hiko, ā, e tino whakarerekē ana i ngā āhuatanga whakahaere o ngā pūnaha hiko tuku iho. Kua noho hei wāhi tino nui mō te whakahaere haumaru, pumau, me te ōhanga o ngā pūnaha hiko.
2. Te Rokiroki Pūngao Mīhini
Ko te rokiroki pūngao ā-mīhini ko te rokiroki pūngao hau kōpeke me te rokiroki pūngao wira rere.
Te Rokiroki Pūngao Hau Kōpeke (CAES): Ka whakamahia e te CAES te hiko tāpiri i ngā wā iti te hiahia hei kōpeke i te hau, ka rongoatia, ā, ka tukuna i muri mai i ngā wā tino hiahia hei whakaputa hiko mā te taraiwa i te tāhū hau. He pai te CAES mō ngā tono nui pēnei i ngā pāmu hau nā te mea he kaha ki te heu i te tino hiahia engari me whai āhuatanga whenua motuhake.
Te Rokiroki Pūngao o te Wira Rere: Ka whakamahia e tēnei tikanga te pūngao hiko hei whakatere i te rotor kua whakanohoia ki roto i te korehau, ka huri i te pūngao hiko hei pūngao nekeneke hei rokiroki. Ko te rokiroki pūngao o te wira rere he poto te roa o te tukunga me te iti o ngā kaha, he mea tino pai mō ngā tono pēnei i ngā pūngao hiko kore e taea te motumotu (UPS) me te whakahaere auau. Heoi, he iti noa te kiato o te pūngao, e mau tonu ana te mana mō ngā hēkona torutoru ki ngā meneti noa iho.
3. Te Rokiroki Pūngao Hikohiko
He mara nui te rokiroki pūngao hikohiko e uru ana ki ngā momo pākahiko:
Ngā Pūhiko Lithium-Ion: Ko te hangarau rokiroki hiko matū tino pakari, ā, e whakamahia whānuitia ana, kei te hangaia nuitia i tēnei wā, ā, ko te tere tipu me te wāhi mākete teitei rawa atu.
Ngā Pūhiko Waikawa-Mata: He mea hanga te nuinga o ngā hikohiko o ēnei pūhiko ki te mata me ōna waikura me te electrolyte waikawa whanariki. He hangarau pakari ēnei, he pumau te mahi engari he roa te wā utu, he nui te parahanga, ā, he poto te roa o te ora.
Ngā Pūhiko Rere: Kei te wāhanga whakaaturanga tonu, ka taea te whakarōpū i ngā pūhiko rere i runga i ā rātou pūnaha irahiko ki ngā pūhiko rere vanadium redox, ngā pūhiko rere konutea-rino, ngā pūhiko rere konutea-bromine, me ngā pūhiko rere rino-chromium. Ko ngā pūhiko rere vanadium redox ngā mea tino hokohoko, ko ētahi atu kei te tere haere tonu ki te ahumahi.
Ngā Pūhiko Konutai-Ion: Ka whakamahia e ēnei pūhiko te whakaurunga me te tango i ngā katote konutai i waenga i te anode me te cathode hei utu me te tango hiko. Kei te whakamātautau tonu te hangarau konutai-ion, kei te haere tonu te rangahau me te whakamātautau.
4. Te Rokiroki Pūngao Hikohiko
Kei roto i te rokiroki pūngao hiko aukume te rokiroki pūngao aukume superconducting (SMES) me te rokiroki pūngao supercapacitor, e tika ana mō ngā tono e hiahia ana ki te tukunga tere me te mana nui.
Te Rokiroki Pūngao Aukume Whakahaere-rahi (SMES): Ka rongoa i te pūngao hiko i roto i te papa aukume me ngā āheinga utu/tuku tere me te kiato mana teitei. Ahakoa te wātea o ngā hua SMES pāmahana-iti me te pāmahana-nui arumoni, he iti tonu te whakamahinga o ēnei i roto i ngā whatunga hiko nā te utu nui me te tiaki uaua o ngā rauemi whakahaere-rahi, e pupuri ana i a rātou i roto i te wāhanga whakamātautau.
Ngā Pūngao Nui: Rokiroki i te pūngao hiko mā te whakamahi i ngā mātāpono hiko pūmau, me te ātete iti i te ngaohiko o te rauemi dielectric. Nō reira, he iti te kaha rokiroki pūngao o ngā pūngao nui, he iti te kiato pūngao, ā, he nui ngā utu haumi.
5. Te Rokiroki Pūngao Matū
Ko te rokiroki pūngao matū e pā ana ki ngā hangarau rokiroki hauwai. Ka hurihia e ēnei te hiko wā-poto, te hiko tāpiri rānei ki te hauwai mā te hikohiko hei rokiroki, ka taea te huri anō hei hiko mā te whakamahi i ngā pūtau wahie, i ētahi atu taputapu whakaputa rānei ina hiahiatia.
E ai ki te "Rangahau Ara Whakawhanake o ngā Teihana Heu Pūngao Hauwai" nā Polaris, ko te whai huatanga whakaputa hiko o nāianei o ngā pūnaha pūtau wahie hauwai he tata ki te 45%. Ina whakaarohia te ngaronga pūngao i te wā o te hikohiko wai, ko te whai huatanga whānui o te pūnaha whakaputa hiko rokiroki hauwai he tata ki te 35%. He wero nui te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga hurihanga pūngao, ā, he nui te wā e hiahiatia ana mō te whanaketanga ahumahi nui o te rokiroki pūngao hauwai.
