Ngā momo pākahiko waikawa-mata me ō rātou āhuatanga

Whakarōpūtanga
1. Ngā pākahiko wai-waikawa
Koinei te momo pākahiko waikawa-mata tino noa, e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā motuka, ngā motopaika me ētahi atu momo tīmatanga. Ka taea te wehewehe i te pākahiko waikawa-mata wai ki te momo noa, te momo huringa hohonu me te momo AGM.
2. Ngā pākahiko waikawa-mata
Mā te whakamahi i te pākahiko waikawa-mata tiēre me te tiēre hei utu mō te irahiko wai, ka roa ake te ora me te haumaru o te pākahiko.
3. Ngā pākahiko waro-mata
He momo pākahiko waikawa-mata hou te pākahiko waro-mata. Ki te whakatauritea ki te pākahiko waikawa-mata tuku iho, he nui ake te mātotoru o te pūngao, he roa ake te ora, ā, he pai ake te mahi pāmahana iti.
4. Pūhiko waikawa-mata AGM
Ko te pākahiko waikawa-mata AGM (momo momo ngongo muka karāhe pākahiko waikawa-mata) e whakamahi ana i te momo ngongo muka karāhe motuhake, ka taea te karo i te turuturu o te pākahiko me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te utu o te pākahiko.

Ngā āhuatanga taketake
1. Ngaohiko: ko te ngaohiko noa o te pākahiko waikawa-mata he 12 ngaohiko, engari he maha atu anō ngā taumata ngaohiko.
2. Te Pūngao: Ko te pūngao o te pākahiko ko te nui o te iahiko ka taea e te pākahiko te tuku i roto i tētahi wā kua whakaritea, i roto i ngā hāora ampere (AH). Ko te pūngao o ngā pākahiko waikawa-mata kei waenga i te 1.2AH ki te 3,000 AH.
3. Te Ora: I te nuinga o te wā, ko te roanga ora o ngā pākahiko waikawa-mata he 3 ki te 5 tau, i runga i te roanga ora o te pākahiko me te huringa utu.
4. Te Whakautu: he puhoi te utu i ngā pākahiko waikawa-mata, ā, neke atu i te 8 hāora te roa o te utunga.

Te whakamahi i ngā mahi ārai
1. Kaua e whakamahia ngā pākahiko waikawa-mata mō te wā roa me te kore e utu nui, e utu nui rawa rānei, ki te kore ka pā ki te roa o te ora o te pākahiko.
2. Ina whakangaromia e koe ngā pākahiko, me tiaki e koe te taiao. Me kimi e koe te tari hangarua e tika ana.
3. I te wā e rongoa ana i ngā pākahiko waikawa-mata, waiho ki te wāhi maroke, he pai te hauhautanga, kia kore ai e pāngia e te rā tika.
4. Me tango, me whakakapi rānei te pākahiko i te raupapatanga me te tikanga tika, ā, me waiho i waenganui i ngā irahiko pai me ngā irahiko kino o te pākahiko kia kore ai e puta he ara iahiko poto.
I roto i te poto, he whānuitia te whakamahinga o ngā pākahiko waikawa-mata i roto i ngā mara maha. He rerekē ngā āhuatanga me ngā painga o ngā momo pākahiko waikawa-mata. Heoi anō, i roto i te whakamahinga o ngā pākahiko waikawa-mata, me whai i ētahi whakatūpato, kia pai ake ai te tiaki i te pākahiko me te roa ake o tōna ora mahi.

Anei ngā painga me ngā huakore o te pākahiko waikawa mata:
Ngā Painga:
1. Utu iti: he tino māmā te tukanga whakaputa o te pākahiko waikawa mata, he iti ngā utu hanga, nō reira he tino iti te utu;
2. Teitei o te Pono: he pumau, he pono hoki te hoahoa o te pākahiko waikawa mata me te whakamahinga o te rauemi, me te kaha ki te tu atu i te nui o te tukunga me te utu.
Ngā ngoikoretanga:
1. He iti ake te mātotoru o te mana: he iti ake te mātotoru o te mana o te pākahiko waikawa mata, nō reira he iti ake te mana whakaputa;
2. Te Ora Poto: he poto noa te ora mahi o te pākahiko waikawa mata, tata ki te 2-3 tau;
3. Taumaha: He nui ake, he taumaha ake hoki ngā pākahiko waikawa mata o taua kaha i ētahi atu momo pākahiko.

Pūhiko nikara-kāmium
He nui ake te kaha o ngā pākahiko nikara-karamiuma i te pākahiko waikawa mata, ā, he roa ake te huringa o te ora. E whakamahia whānuitia ana ngā pākahiko nikara-karamiuma i roto i ngā ahumahi hōia, ahumahi me te rererangi. Ka tātarihia ngā painga me ngā ngoikoretanga o ngā pākahiko nikara-karamiuma penei:
Ngā Painga:
1. Te mātotoru o te mana: he nui ake te mātotoru o te mana o ngā pākahiko ni-cd i te pākahiko waikawa mata, nō reira he nui ake te mana whakaputa;
2. Te roa o te huringa: He roa te ora o te pākahiko nikara-kāmium, ā, ka taea te hangarua neke atu i te rua mano ngā wā;
3. Ka taea te tu atu i te pāmahana teitei: ka taea e te pākahiko ni-cd te tu atu i te pāmahana teitei, ka taea te mahi i roto i te awhe pāmahana mai i te -20°C ki te 65°C.
Ngā ngoikoretanga:
1. Te utu nui o ngā rauemi: he nikara me te cadmium te kounga teitei o ngā rauemi e whakamahia ana e ngā pākahiko ni-cd, ā, he nui ngā utu hanga;
2. Te paitini nui: e kiia ana ngā pākahiko nikara-kāmium he paitini, he morearea hoki nā te paitini o te kāmium, ko te tikanga me mātua rongoatia me te hangarua motuhake.

Pūhiko nikara whakarewa waikura
He momo pākahiko taiao te pākahiko NI-MH, e whakamahia nuitia ana i roto i ngā taputapu hiko kaihoko me ētahi atu mara. He nui ake te kaha o tōna kaha i te pākahiko waikawa mata, he roa ake te ora mahi, ā, he mama ake te taumaha. Anei ngā painga me ngā ngoikoretanga o ngā pākahiko nimh:
Ngā Painga:
1. Teitei o te kaha: he teitei ake te kaha o te pākahiko ni-mh;
2. Tiaki Taiao: kāore he matū kino i roto i te pākahiko ni-mh, e kore e kino ki te taiao;
3. Māmā ake: he iti ake, he māmā ake hoki ngā pākahiko nimh o taua kaha i ō rātou hoa pākahiko waikawa Mata.
Ngā ngoikoretanga:
1. Ngā utu teitei ake: he tino teitei ngā utu pākahiko nikara-whakarewa waikura, he nui ngā utu hanga;
2. Kāore e pai te noho puku: ina kore te pākahiko e whakamahia ana, ka tere ake te tere tukunga-ake, nō reira me utu tonu kia mau tonu ai te mahi pai.

Pūhiko lithium-ion
Ko te pākahiko lithium-ion tētahi o ngā pākahiko rongonui o te mākete, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā taputapu pūkoro, ngā taputapu hiko, ngā waka hiko me ētahi atu mara.
I whakawhanakehia tuatahitia te pākahiko lithium-ion e Sony i te tau 1990. Ko tana tikanga he whakauru i ngā katote lithium ki roto i te waro (te kōka hinu me te karāpeti) hei hanga i tētahi anode (ko ngā pākahiko lithium tuku iho e whakamahi ana i ngā konukōre lithium, lithium rānei hei anode). I whakamahia a LIXCOO2, LixNiO2 me Lixmno4 hei rauemi katote, ā, i whakamahia a Lipf6 + diethylene carbonate (EC) + dimethyl carbonate (DMC) hei electrolyte.
I runga i te momo irahiko e whakamahia ana i roto i te Pūhiko Lithium-Ion, ka taea te wehewehe i te Pūhiko Lithium-Ion ki te Pūhiko Lithium-Ion Wai (Lib) me te Pūhiko Lithium-Ion Polymer (PLB), me te Pūhiko Lithium-Ion me te Pūhiko Lithium-Ion.

Anei ngā painga me ngā huakore o te pākahiko lithium-ion:
Ngā Painga:
1. Te mātotoru o te mana: he nui ake te mātotoru o te mana o te pākahiko lithium-ion i te pākahiko waikawa mata me ngā pākahiko nicad;
2. Te roa o te ora: te roa o te ora o te pākahiko lithium-ion, ka taea te huri i te utu me te tuku i ngā mano tini o ngā wā;
3. Māmā ake: he māmā ake te pākahiko lithium-ion i te pākahiko waikawa mata me ngā pākahiko nickel-cadmium.
Ngā ngoikoretanga:
1. Ngāwari ki te mura me te pahū: he ngoikore te pumau o te pākahiko lithium-ion, ki te kore e utua, e whakamahia ana hoki i te huarahi tika, ka turuturu, ka poto te ara iahiko me ētahi atu raruraru, tae atu ki ngā raruraru haumaru ahi me te pahūtanga;
2. Ngā utu teitei ake: he nui ake ngā rauemi e whakamahia ana e te pākahiko lithium-ion, ā, he nui ake hoki ngā utu hanga.

Hei whakarāpopototanga, he rerekē ngā painga me ngā ngoikoretanga o ngā momo pākahiko, ko te whiriwhiri i te pākahiko e whakawhirinaki ana ki te tono me ngā hiahia whakamahinga. Me whai whakaaro nui ki te utu, te kaha, te mātotoru o te mana, te roa o te whakamahinga, te taumaha, te haumaru me ētahi atu āhuatanga i te wā e hoko ana.