Module ya photovoltaic ikakhala yotsika mtengo, mtengo wogulira magetsi a photovoltaic umakhala wotsika, koma zoona zake sizili choncho. Ndi ma module a photovoltaic omwe ali mu mpanda ndi khoma la ku Europe, malo athu ambiri opangira magetsi a photovoltaic nawonso amawola modabwitsa.
Mtengo wa makampani opanga ma photovoltaic, womaliza ndi malo opangira ma photovoltaic, ndiye njira yokhayo yopezera ndalama. Katundu wa malo opangira ma photovoltaic okha, makampani opanga ma photovoltaic, ndi ofunika kwambiri, ndi mosemphanitsa. Chifukwa chake, kukula kwatsopano kwa mphamvu zomwe zakhazikitsidwa, kumatsimikiza kukwera ndi kutsika kwa makampani opanga ma photovoltaic ndikufota.
Ma module a PV, ma inverter, ma bracket, ndi zina zotero, amatha kungodziwa mtengo wa zida zamagetsi za PV, koma sangathe kudziwa mtengo wa PV. Chisankho chenicheni cha mtengo wa katundu wa PV, chikuwoneka ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri, ndiko kuti, mtengo wamagetsi.
Mtengo wamagetsi ndi wokwanira, wotsika mtengo, ndalama zomwe zimayikidwa pafakitale yamagetsi ya PV ndizokwera, masiku opanga ma PV adzakwera. M'malo mwake, mitengo ya PV yolowera ndi yotsika mtengo kapena yotsika mtengo, fakitale yamagetsi ya PV idzakhala chuma chosagwira ntchito chomwe palibe amene amasamala nacho, katundu wosafunikira.
Tsopano, pamsika wamkati mwa dzikolo pali chodabwitsa: fakitale yamagetsi ya PV ikukhala chuma chosatchuka cha zinyalala.
Kodi ndi chifukwa chakuti tamanga ma PV power ambiri? Kapena, kodi PV power yasuntha tchizi cha anthu ena?
Ndi vutoli, timasanthula mwachindunji:
1. tariff ya feed-in inatsika, kotero kuti mafakitale amphamvu a photovoltaic anataya mtengo wogulira
Padzakhala ndalama, ndithudi, zidzachotsedwa. Makampani ambiri achinsinsi kuti asamutse siteshoni yamagetsi ya photovoltaic, ambiri amatengedwa ngati "chitukuko chopitilira, gawo la bizinesi yogwira ntchito". Komabe, kugulitsa kwaposachedwa kwa katundu wa fakitale yamagetsi ya photovoltaic, koma osati chifukwa cha ichi, koma phindu la ndalama za fakitale yamagetsi ya photovoltaic likuwoneka losatsimikizika kwambiri.
2. kusakhazikika kwa mfundo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti phindu lisamadziwike bwino
Makampani omwe ali ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi omwe alipo pano akukumana ndi vuto la kudziletsa komanso kudzithandiza, makamaka polimbikitsa malire opanga ndi mitengo. Ngakhale kuti pali mpikisano waukulu pamsika, malonda opanga magetsi a PV omwe amayang'ana pamsika amangochepetsa kupanga (monga kuchepetsa mwayi wopeza intaneti), koma osati kukhazikitsa malire a mitengo. Kuwonjezera pa mpikisano waukulu, kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika njira ndi mfundo ndi komwe kumayambitsa vutoli.
Zoyembekeza zokhazikika za ndondomeko ndizofunikira kwambiri pa mafakitale amagetsi a PV. Kusintha kwa ndondomeko pafupipafupi kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, ndipo mfundo zokhazikika za nthawi yayitali zoperekera msonkho komanso mapulani opititsa patsogolo mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ziyenera kupangidwa kuti zipereke chitsogozo chomveka bwino cha ndondomeko ndikuwonjezera chidaliro cha osunga ndalama. Pakadali pano, osunga ndalama m'mafakitale amagetsi akuda nkhawa ndi kusatsimikizika kwa phindu lomwe lingabwere chifukwa cha kusintha kwa msika wamagetsi.
Ngakhale pali zovuta, pali malamulo omwe akhazikitsidwa omwe amalimbikitsa bwino kuti pakhale chitukuko ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa, ndipo amafuna kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe sizigwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabwinja ndikulimbitsa udindo wa onse omwe akutenga nawo mbali pakugwiritsa ntchito. Mwanjira imeneyi, zimathandiza kuti magetsi a PV agwiritsidwe ntchito bwino, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha ndalama, komanso kulimbitsa kukhazikika kwa ntchito ya magetsi.
3. Ubale pakati pa kupanga mphamvu zamagetsi ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa umalepheretsa kukula kwa mphamvu zopanga zinthu
Njira yabwino kwambiri yogulitsira, ubale wabwino wopanga, mwachibadwa zimatha kupititsa patsogolo chitukuko m'munda wa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa. Mwachitsanzo, kudzera mu kukhazikitsidwa kwa mpikisano wolungama pamsika wamagetsi, msika wogulitsa mpweya, ndi zina zotero, zitha kupereka zizindikiro zamitengo yoyenera komanso malo amsika a mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa, motero kulimbikitsa mabizinesi a PV kuti awonjezere ndalama zofufuza ndi chitukuko, kukulitsa kupanga, komanso kukula kwa ndalama.
M'malo mwake, njira yosakwanira ya msika, ubale wobwerera m'mbuyo pakupanga, zidzalepheretsanso chitukuko cha mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi, monga kuchepetsa mwayi wopeza msika, kuwongolera mitengo, njira zandale, zolakwika zakuthupi, ndi zina zotero, zingayambitse kusakwanira kwa zolimbikitsa zatsopano zamakampani, kusagwira ntchito bwino kwa zinthu.
Komabe, pomaliza pake, kupanga zinthu kudzatsimikizira ubale wa kupanga. Kukula kwa ukadaulo wa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa, kukonza bwino kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, monga kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wosungira mphamvu, kungathe kuthetsa bwino nthawi ndi kusakhazikika kwa kupanga mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa, mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa zitha kukhala zokhazikika pa gridi, ndikutenga nawo mbali muzochitika zamsika, kuti zisinthe ndikukonzanso kugawa koyambirira kwa maubwino pakati pa osewera osiyanasiyana pamsika: makampani opanga magetsi, makampani opanga magetsi, makampani osungira mphamvu, ndi ogwiritsa ntchito magetsi ndi zina zotero.
