Okukhona imodyuli ye-photovoltaic ibiza kancinci, kokukhona ixabiso lotyalo-mali lwesikhululo samandla se-photovoltaic liphantsi, ngokwethiyori kufanele ukuba linenzuzo engaphezulu, kodwa inyani ayinjalo. Njengoko iimodyuli ze-photovoltaic zingena eludongeni nakumacingo aseYurophu, uninzi lwezikhululo zethu zamandla ze-photovoltaic nazo zibolile ngendlela emangalisayo.
Ixabiso lemveliso ye-photovoltaic, elokugqibela liziko lamandla le-photovoltaic, nalo lolona hlobo kuphela lwemali. Iiasethi zezityalo zamandla ze-photovoltaic ngokwazo, ishishini lokuvelisa i-photovoltaic elixabisekileyo, elixabiso liphezulu, kwaye ngokuchaseneyo. Ke ngoko, isikali somthamo esitsha esifakiweyo, simisela ukunyuka nokuwa kweshishini lokuvelisa i-photovoltaic kwaye sibune.
Iimodyuli ze-PV, ii-inverters, iibrakethi, njl.njl., zinokumisela kuphela ixabiso lehardware yesikhululo samandla se-PV, kodwa azinakumisela ixabiso lesikhululo samandla se-PV. Isigqibo sokwenyani sexabiso le-asethi yesikhululo samandla se-PV, sibonakala siyinto ephambili kuphela, oko kukuthi, ixabiso lombane.
Ixabiso lombane lifanelekile, lingabizi kakhulu, izinga lotyalo-mali lwezityalo zamandla ze-PV liphezulu, iintsuku zokuvelisa i-PV ziya kunyuka. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iirhafu zokungenisa i-PV zixabiso eliphantsi okanye zibiza kancinci, iziko lamandla le-PV liya kuba yimpahla engasebenzi kakuhle ekungekho mntu uyikhathaleleyo, ii-asethi ezingafunekiyo.
Ngoku, kwimarike yasekhaya kukho into engaqhelekanga: Isikhululo samandla se-PV siya kuba yimpahla yenkunkuma engathandwayo.
Ingaba kungenxa yokuba sakhe izitishi zombane ze-PV ezininzi kakhulu? Okanye, ngaba umbane we-PV uthuthile itshizi yabanye abantu?
Ngale ngxaki, sihlalutya ngokuthe ngqo:
1. irhafu yokungenisa amanzi iye yehla, kangangokuba izityalo zamandla ze-photovoltaic zilahlekelwa lixabiso lotyalo-mali
Kuza kubakho utyalo-mali ewe, kuza kurhoxiswa. Amashishini amaninzi abucala okudlulisela isikhululo samandla se-photovoltaic, amaninzi athathwa njengomzekelo weshishini "oqhubekayo, oyinxalenye yokubamba". Nangona kunjalo, ukuthengiswa kwakutshanje kweeasethi zesityalo samandla se-photovoltaic, kodwa kungekhona ngenxa yesi sizathu, kodwa imbuyekezo yotyalo-mali lwesityalo samandla se-photovoltaic ibonakala ingaqiniseki ngakumbi nangakumbi.
2. ukungazinzi komgaqo-nkqubo, okubangela ukungaqiniseki ngengeniso
Amashishini akhoyo ngoku e-photovoltaic ajongene nomceli mngeni wokuzibamba nokuzinceda, ingakumbi kwinkqubo yokukhuthaza imida yemveliso kunye namaxabiso. Nangona kukho ukhuphiswano olukhulu kwimarike, uqhagamshelo lorhwebo olujolise kwimarike olujolise ekuveliseni umbane we-PV lukhawulele imveliso kuphela (oko kukuthi, ukuthintelwa kokufikelela kwi-Intanethi), kodwa kungekhona ukuphunyezwa kwemida yamaxabiso. Ukongeza kukhuphiswano olukhulu, ukuphunyezwa kakubi kweendlela kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo nako kuyimbangela yengxaki.
Ulindelo oluzinzileyo lomgaqo-nkqubo lubalulekile kwizikhululo zamandla ze-PV. Uhlengahlengiso oluqhubekayo lomgaqo-nkqubo kufuneka luncitshiswe, kwaye imigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu yokungenisa imali ezinzileyo yexesha elide kunye nezicwangciso zophuhliso lwamandla avuselelekayo kufuneka zenziwe ukuze kubonelelwe ngesikhokelo esicacileyo somgaqo-nkqubo kunye nokuphucula ukuzithemba kwabatyali-mali. Okwangoku, abatyali-mali bezikhululo zamandla bakhathazekile malunga nokungaqiniseki kwembuyekezo enokubangelwa kukuguqulwa kwemarike yamandla.
Nangona kukho imingeni, kukho imithetho exhasa ngokucacileyo ukuphuhliswa nokusetyenziswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo, kwaye ifuna ukwandisa umlinganiselo wokusetyenziswa kwamandla angengoweefosili kunye nokuqinisa uxanduva lwamaqela onke okusetyenziswa. Ngale ndlela, inceda ukusetyenziswa okuzinzileyo kwesikhululo samandla se-PV, inciphisa umngcipheko wengeniso, kwaye iphucula uzinzo lokusebenza kwesikhululo samandla.
3. Ubudlelwane bemveliso ye-photovoltaic buthintela uphuhliso lwamandla emveliso
Indlela egqibeleleyo yemarike, ubudlelwane obuphilileyo bemveliso, inokukhuthaza ngokwendalo inkqubela phambili yemveliso kwicandelo lamandla avuselelekayo. Umzekelo, ngokuseka ukhuphiswano olufanelekileyo kwimarike yamandla, imarike yokurhweba ngekhabhoni, njl.njl., inokubonelela ngemiqondiso yexabiso elifanelekileyo kunye nendawo yemarike yamandla avuselelekayo, ngaloo ndlela ikhuthaze amashishini e-PV ukuba andise utyalo-mali lwe-R & D, andise imveliso, kunye nomlinganiselo wotyalo-mali.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, indlela yokuthengisa engagqibelelanga, ubudlelwane bemveliso obubuyela umva, buya kuyithintela inkqubela phambili ye-photovoltaic, olu mgangatho mtsha wamandla emveliso, njengemida yokufikelela kwimarike, ulawulo lwamaxabiso, iindlela zomgaqo-nkqubo, ukungafezeki komzimba, njl.njl., kunokukhokelela ekungoneleni kwezibonelelo zokuvelisa izinto ezintsha kwiinkampani, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kokwabiwa kwezixhobo.
Nangona kunjalo, ekugqibeleni, imveliso iya kumisela ubudlelwane bemveliso. Uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji yamandla avuselelekayo, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla, njengokusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yokugcina amandla, kunokusombulula ngempumelelo ukungabikho kokungazinzi kokuveliswa kwamandla avuselelekayo, amandla avuselelekayo angaba ukufikelela okuzinzileyo kwigridi, kwaye athathe inxaxheba kwintengiselwano yemarike, ukuze kutshintshwe kwaye kulungiswe ngokutsha ukusasazwa kokuqala kweenzuzo phakathi kwabadlali abahlukeneyo bemarike: amashishini egridi yamandla, amashishini okuvelisa amandla, amashishini okugcina amandla, kunye nabasebenzisi bombane njalo njalo.
