Uko module ya photovoltaic ihendutse, niko ikiguzi cy'ishoramari rya station ya photovoltaic kiba gito, mu by'ukuri byagombye kuba ingirakamaro cyane, ariko ukuri si ko bimeze. Hamwe na module za photovoltaic mu ruzitiro n'urukuta by'i Burayi, byinshi muri station yacu ya photovoltaic nabyo birangirika bitangaje.
Ingano y'agaciro k'inganda zikora imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic, icya nyuma ni uruganda rukora imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic, ni narwo rwonyine rutanga amafaranga. Umutungo w'uruganda rukora imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic ubwawo, uruganda rukora imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic nirwo rufite agaciro, n'ibindi. Kubwibyo, ingano nshya y'ubushobozi ishyirwaho, ni yo igena izamuka n'igabanuka ry'inganda zikora imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic kandi irangirika.
Module za PV, inverters, brackets, nibindi, bishobora kugena gusa ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho by'uruganda rw'amashanyarazi rwa PV, ariko ntibishobora kugena agaciro k'uruganda rw'amashanyarazi rwa PV. Icyemezo nyacyo cy'agaciro k'umutungo w'uruganda rw'amashanyarazi rwa PV, gisa nkaho ari ikintu cy'ingenzi gusa, ni ukuvuga igiciro cy'amashanyarazi.
Igiciro cy'amashanyarazi kiri mu rugero, gihendutse, inyungu ku ishoramari ry'inganda z'amashanyarazi za PV ni nyinshi, iminsi yo gukora PV izongera. Ibinyuranye n'ibyo, imisoro yo gutanga PV ni ibiciro bihendutse cyangwa ndetse ni bibi, uruganda rw'amashanyarazi rwa PV ruzaba umutungo udakora neza ntawe ubyitayeho, umutungo w'imyanda.
Ubu, ku isoko ry'imbere mu gihugu hari ikintu kidasanzwe: uruganda rw'amashanyarazi rwa PV rurimo kuba umutungo w'imyanda udakunzwe cyane.
Ese ni uko twubatse inganda nyinshi z'amashanyarazi za PV? Cyangwa se, ese PV power yakuye foromaje y'abandi?
Muri iki kibazo, turasesengura by'umwihariko:
1. Umusoro ku biciro byo kwinjira mu ruganda waragabanutse cyane, ku buryo inganda z'amashanyarazi zikoresha amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic zatakaje agaciro k'ishoramari
Birumvikana ko hazabaho ishoramari, hazakurwaho. Ibigo byinshi byigenga byo kwimura sitasiyo y'amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic, byinshi bifatwa nk'uburyo bw'ubucuruzi "bukomeje gutera imbere, igice cy'umutungo wa sosiyete". Ariko, igurishwa riherutse ry'umutungo w'inganda z'amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic, ariko si kuri iyi mpamvu, ahubwo ni inyungu z'ishoramari ry'inganda z'amashanyarazi ya photovoltaic zigaragara ko zitari zizwi cyane.
2. kudahuzagurika kwa politiki, bigatera kutizera inyungu
Ibigo bikoresha ingufu z'amashanyarazi zikomoka kuri photovoltaic bihura n'ikibazo cyo kwigira no kwifasha, cyane cyane mu rwego rwo guteza imbere umusaruro n'ibiciro ntarengwa. Nubwo hari ipiganwa rikomeye ku isoko, ubucuruzi bushingiye ku kubyaza umusaruro ingufu za PV ku isoko buhuza umusaruro muke gusa (ni ukuvuga kugabanya uburyo bwo gukoresha interineti), ariko ntabwo bushyira mu bikorwa ibiciro ntarengwa. Uretse ipiganwa rikomeye, ishyirwa mu bikorwa ribi ry'uburyo na politiki nabyo ni intandaro y'ikibazo.
Ibitekerezo bihamye bya politiki ni ingenzi ku nganda z'amashanyarazi za PV. Impinduka za politiki zigomba kugabanuka kenshi, kandi politiki z'imisoro ihamye y'igihe kirekire hamwe na gahunda zo guteza imbere ingufu zisubiramo zigomba gushyirwaho kugira ngo habeho ubuyobozi busobanutse neza bwa politiki no kongera icyizere cy'abashoramari. Muri iki gihe, abashoramari b'inganda z'amashanyarazi bahangayikishijwe n'ingaruka mbi zishobora guterwa n'ivugurura ry'isoko ry'amashanyarazi.
Nubwo hari imbogamizi, hari amategeko ashyigikira cyane iterambere n'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa, kandi asaba kongera igipimo cy'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu zitari iza kera no gushimangira inshingano z'impande zose mu kuzikoresha. Muri ubu buryo, bifasha ikoreshwa rihamye ry'ingufu za PV, bigabanya ibyago by'amafaranga yinjira, kandi byongera umutekano mu mikorere ya sitasiyo z'amashanyarazi.
3. Imibanire y'umusaruro wa photovoltaic ibangamira iterambere ry'imbaraga zitanga umusaruro
Uburyo butunganye bw'isoko, imibanire myiza y'umusaruro, bishobora guteza imbere iterambere ry'umusaruro mu bijyanye n'ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa. Urugero, binyuze mu gushyiraho ipiganwa rikwiye ku isoko ry'ingufu, isoko ry'ubucuruzi bwa karuboni, n'ibindi, bishobora gutanga ibimenyetso by'ibiciro bishimishije n'umwanya w'isoko ku ngufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa, bityo bigashishikariza ibigo bya PV kongera ishoramari mu bushakashatsi no mu iterambere, kwagura umusaruro, no gushora imari.
Ibinyuranye n'ibyo, uburyo budatunganye bwo ku isoko, imibanire y'umusaruro isubira inyuma, nabyo bizabangamira iterambere rya photovoltaic. Ubu bwiza bushya bw'imbaraga zitanga umusaruro, nko kugabanya uburyo bwo kugera ku isoko, kugenzura ibiciro, uburyo bwo gushyiraho politiki, ubusembwa bufatika, nibindi, bishobora gutuma habaho udushya duke mu bigo, kudakoresha neza umutungo.
Ariko, mu isesengura rya nyuma, umusaruro uzagena isano iri hagati y’umusaruro. Iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ry’ingufu zisubira, kunoza imikorere myiza y’ingufu zitangwa n’ikoreshwa ryazo, nko gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo kubika ingufu, bishobora gukemura neza igihe cyo gutanga ingufu zisubira n’izidahindagurika, ingufu zisubira zishobora kuba uburyo bwiza bwo kugera ku muyoboro w’amashanyarazi, no kugira uruhare mu bikorwa by’isoko, kugira ngo bihindure kandi bihindure uburyo bw’ibanze bwo gusaranganya inyungu hagati y’abakina isoko batandukanye: ibigo by’amashanyarazi, ibigo by’amashanyarazi, ibigo by’amashanyarazi, n’abakoresha amashanyarazi n’ibindi.
