Unyaka ka-2024 uphawula ixesha elibalulekileyo kwishishini le-photovoltaic (PV) njengoko ukhuphiswano oluqatha luqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza kwitekhnoloji yeseli kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso, ludlula kakhulu isantya seminyaka elishumi eyadlulayo. Nangona ezi zinto zintsha, ukhetho lwefilimu ye-encapsulation—nokuba yi-POE (polyolefin elastomer), i-EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), okanye i-EPE—luhlala lulumxholo obalulekileyo noxoxwa kakhulu kwiglasi-glasi, iphepha elingasemva kweglasi, kunye neemodyuli eziguquguqukayo.
Iimodyuli ze-PV zangaphandle zijongene nokonakaliswa zizinto ezine eziphambili zokusingqongileyo: ubushushu, ioksijini, amanzi, kunye nemitha ye-ultraviolet (UV). Nangona umsebenzi webhayoloji ungabalulekanga kwezi zicelo, ezinye izinto zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhetheni izinto. Eli nqaku lithelekisa ukusebenza kwe-EVA kunye ne-POE phantsi kwezi meko, libonelela ngemibono emitsha kunye neendlela zokukhetha izinto.
1. Ubushushu
Zombini i-EVA kunye ne-POE, xa zidibene, zinokumelana nokuvezwa okwethutyana kumaqondo obushushu amalunga ne-150°C. Nangona kunjalo, i-EVA iyabola kumaqondo obushushu angaphezulu kwe-200°C, ikhuphe inani elikhulu le-acetic acid, ngelixa i-POE ihlala izinzile de amaqondo obushushu adlule kwi-300°C.
2. Ioksijini
Kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, zombini ezi zinto zibonisa ukumelana okuhle ne-oxidation. Nangona kunjalo, i-EVA iqulethe izixa ezincinci zee-monomers ze-acetic acid zasimahla, ezinokuthi zi-oxidation kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-POE, eyakhiwe ngokupheleleyo ziibhondi ze-carbon-hydrogen ezizinzileyo ngokweekhemikhali, ifuna amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu ukuze isabela kwi-oxygen.
3. Amanzi
Amaqela e-ester e-EVA asengozini yokuhlaselwa yi-hydrolysis, nto leyo ekhokelela ekwakhiweni kwamaqela e-carboxyl akhawulezisa i-hydrolysis ngakumbi kunye nokuwohloka kwezinto. I-POE, enekhonkco layo le-carbon-hydrogen ngokupheleleyo, izinzile ngokweekhemikhali kwaye ayichaphazeleki yi-hydrolysis. Ukongeza, i-POE ibonakalisa ukumelana okuphezulu komphunga wamanzi, kunye nesantya sokudluliselwa komphunga wamanzi (WVTR) esimalunga ne-3 g/m2·24h kwi-38°C kunye nomswakama ohambelanayo we-90%, xa kuthelekiswa ne-WVTR ye-EVA ye-25 g/m2·24h. Oku kungena okuphantsi kuphucula amandla e-POE okukhusela izinto zangaphakathi zemodyuli kumonakalo womswakama.
4. Imisebe ye-Ultraviolet
Ulwakhiwo lwekhonkco le-POE olusebenzisa ikhabhoni-ihydrogen lunemixokelelwane enamandla eekhemikhali—iibhondi ze-CH kwi-414 kJ/mol kunye neebhondi ze-CC kwi-332 kJ/mol—okwenza ukuba zikwazi ukumelana nokuqhekeka okubangelwa yi-UV. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, amaqela e-ester e-EVA aqulathe iibhondi ze-CO ezinamandla eebhondi angaphantsi kwe-330 kJ/mol, ezisengozini enkulu yokubola kwe-UV.
Isiphelo
Phakathi kwezinto ezine eziphambili ezichaphazela ukuthembeka kokusetyenziswa ngaphandle—ubushushu, ioksijini, amanzi, kunye ne-UV—i-POE isoloko isebenza ngcono kune-EVA. Njengoko iiseli ze-PV zisiya zisebenza kakuhle kwaye zifuna ukuthembeka okungqongqo, i-POE ihlala ilukhetho olufanelekileyo lokuqinisekisa ukukhutshwa kwamandla okuzinzileyo kwexesha elide kwiindawo zangaphandle.
