Pakati pekuchinja kwesimba uye budiriro inoenderera mberi, ma photovoltaics akaparadzirwa (PV) ari kukurumidza kuchinja mamiriro esimba repasi rose sechikamu chakakosha chesimba rakachena. Nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji kuri kuramba kuchienderera mberi, rutsigiro rwemitemo rwakasimba, uye kudiwa kuri kukura kwemusika, chikamu che PV chakagoverwa chiri kuona mafambiro matsva uye akakosha.
1. Mamodules Ane Simba Rakawanda Pamatenga Edzimba
Pasi pekubatanidzwa kwetekinoroji dzinoshanda zvakanyanya, simba remamodule ePV riri kuwedzera nekukurumidza, zvigadzirwa zve600W+ ne700W+ zvichiva zvinhu zvikuru zvinopihwa nemakambani emamodule. Mamodule ane simba guru haangofarirwa chete nezviteshi zvemagetsi zvinoiswa pasi asi ari kushandiswawo nekukurumidza pakuisa padenga. Pakuratidzwa kwemaindasitiri, vagadziri vemamodule vanotungamira vakakurudzira zvakajeka pfungwa ye "700W+ mamodules padenga."
Sekureva kwevagadziri ava, maPV akaparadzirwa, kunyanya kuiswa kwedzimba, anonyanya kufarira mamodule ane simba guru nekuda kwemhando yekurenda yakajairika uko nzvimbo yedenga inorendwa pamodule imwe neimwe. Kune vanogadzira, mamodule ane simba guru haangoderedzi mari yekurenda chete asiwo anoderedza mari yesystem (BOS), nokudaro achikurudzira kushandiswa kwawo zvakanyanya.
2. Kufambira Mberi Kunokosha muN-TOPCon Modules
Kukurumidza kubatanidzwa kweP-type neN-TOPCon tekinoroji kuri pachena zvakaenzana mumusika wePV wakapararira. Zvichienderana nenhamba dzeInfoLink, migove yemusika weP-type neN-TOPCon modules yaive inenge 71% uye 27%, zvichiteerana, muna 2023. Zvisinei, N-TOPCon modules inotarisirwa kukwira nekukurumidza kusvika 79% gore rino.
Mumusika wakagoverwa, mhinduro kubva kuvagadziri vemamodule inoratidza kuti zvigadzirwa zveN-TOPCon zvinogona kunge zvichidarika 60% yemusika wePV wakagoverwa gore rino, nekukurumidza kwekuvandudzwa kwacho kuchidarika zvaitarisirwa.
3. Zvinodiwa Zvakasiyana-siyana Mumusika Zvinowana Kutariswa
Kusiyana-siyana kwemamiriro ezvinhu ePV akaparadzirwa kunotungamira zvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvezvigadzirwa, zvichiita kuti vagadziri varambe vachigadzira zvinhu zvitsva. Semuenzaniso, kugadzirisa nyaya yekuunganidzwa kweguruva mumafekitori ePV akaparadzirwa, makambani akaita seLONGI, Jinko, naTrina akaunza mamodules anodzivirira guruva. Kune nzvimbo dzine hunyoro uye dzinopisa, LONGI yakatanga zvigadzirwa zvitsva zvinodzivirira hunyoro.
Pamusoro pezvo, mamodules akareruka anochinjika ari kuwana mukurumbira, nemakambani anotungamira anosanganisira Nanjing Daily Photovoltaic, SunMan, uye Pinsine Solar. Sekureva kwemakambani aya, misika mikuru yemamodules akareruka anochinjika inosanganisira matenga ane miganho yekutakura uye zvivakwa zvakakombama. Parizvino, mamodules aya anogona kusvika ku500W+ mumagetsi asi mutengo wawo wakapetwa kaviri pane mamodules akajairwa.
4. Kunetseka Kwemhando Yezvinhu Pakati Pehondo dzeMitengo
Kubva muhafu yechipiri yegore rapfuura, nekuda kwekukwanisa kuburitsa zvinhu zvakawanda uye kukwikwidzana mumusika, mitengo yePV modules yadzikira, mutengo weP-type modules uchidzikira pasi pe0.8 RMB pa watt pakupera kwegore rapfuura. Pakuratidzwa kweShandong PV munguva pfupi yapfuura, mamwe makambani akashambadza neushingi "0.7+ RMB/W modules." Zvisinei, vakapinda mukuratidzira vakaratidza kuti zvimwe zvigadzirwa hazvina kuwana simba repamusoro rakashambadzirwa. Kunyangwe mitengo ichigona kuderera kusvika pa0.6 RMB/W kana kutodzikira, kutevedzera mitemo uye mhando yezvigadzirwa izvi hazvina chokwadi.
Saka, zvakakosha kuti vanoisa mari muPV nevaridzi vasarudze mabrandi ane mukurumbira uye vanyatsoongorora mhando yemamodule kudzivirira kurasikirwa kusingakoshi.
5. MaInverter Epamusoro Ekutengeserana Nemaindasitiri
Kuti zvideredze mitengo yesystem, ma inverter emabhizimisi nemaindasitiri ari kuchinja kubva pa 110kW ne 125kW kuenda kumasimba akakwira, akadai se150kW. Makambani akaita seSungrow, TBEA, Hiconics, naGrowat akaratidza ma inverter e string ekutengeserana e 150kW. Kuti agadzirise ma modules ane simba guru, simba re input current re ma inverter ari kuramba richikwira, nemamwe ma inverter e string e 110kW emakambani makuru achisvika pa 64 amps.
6. Kurumidza Kubatanidza Grid
Mhinduro kubva kuvagadziri vemidziyo nevagadziri vemidziyo dzinoratidza kuti chimwe chinhu chikuru chiri kukonzera kudzoreredzwa nekukurumidza kwebhizinesi rePV rakagoverwa ndechekukurumidzira kwekubatanidza grid.
Kubva muhafu yechipiri yegore rapfuura, mapurovhinzi akati wandei, anosanganisira Hebei, Shandong, Heilongjiang, Henan, Zhejiang, Guangdong, neFujian, akapa yambiro pamusoro pekugona kwekubatanidza ma PV grid. Munzvimbo dzakawanda, kugona kutsva hakuchawanikwe. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kubatana kwe grid kwave chiyero chitsva chemakwikwi ePV akagoverwa, nekugona kwekutakura ma grid kuri chinhu chakakosha chinodzivisa kuiswa kutsva.
7. Makwikwi Akakomba ePuratifomu
Kune rumwe rutivi, kune kushomeka kukuru kwekukwanisa kupinza magetsi mumagetsi; kune rumwe rutivi, kune kuwanda kwemakambani ekuvandudza. Pakuratidzwa kweShandong chete, paive nemakambani anopfuura makumi matatu ekugadzira mapuratifomu ePV akaparadzirwa, kubva kuvagadziri vemaPV vekare vakaita saChint Aneng, Trina Solar's residential arm, uye JA Solar's smart energy division kusvika kumakambani emidziyo yemumba akaita seSkyworth PV, Haier Solar, TCL PV Technology, neMidea. Makambani epuratifomu emuno ari kuwedzerawo mabhizinesi avo kunze.
Panyaya yemabhizinesi nemhinduro, kune nzira dzakawanda, dzinosanganisira kubhadhara zvizere kwezvivakwa zvekugara, kuvaka pamwe chete, kukwereta kwekushanda, kukwereta kwepurazi, makondirakiti ekutonga simba rekutengesa (EMC), mari yekudyara muridzi, mabhenefiti asina kabhoni, uye mitengo yekudyara zvizere. Mhinduro dzinofukidza matenga akatsetseka, matenga akatsetseka, kushandurwa kwedenga rakatsetseka kusvika rakatsetseka, mumvuri wezuva, uye photovoltaics yakabatanidzwa muzvivakwa (BIPV). Makwikwi pakati pemapuratifomu akakura, anosiyana kubva pamaitiro kusvika kumasevhisi.
8. Mari dzeRising Channel
Kukwikwidzana kukuru pakati pemapuratifomu nezvinhu zvakapararira padenga remba kunoita kuti vanhu vavimbe zvakanyanya nevabatsiri vechiteshi uye mari yechiteshi iwedzere. Zvinonzi, mumusika wePV dzekugara muShandong, mari yepakati yePV panel imwe chete yakakwira kusvika pa300-400 RMB gore rapera, zvakapetwa kaviri kubva pamatanho ekare.
Kune mabasa ekutengeserana nemaindasitiri ekugadzirisa denga, mamwe makambani ari paShandong showing akashambadza pachena mari ye "0.05-0.3 RMB/W."
9. Concentrated Confluence Mode Inowana Kutariswa
Zvichienderana nekusagona kuripo pakuiswa kwePV yakagoverwa nekuda kwekusakwanisa kubatanidza grid, hurumende nevagadziri vari kutsvaga nzira dzekubudirira. Nekuda kweizvozvo, nzira yekubatanidza magetsi yakabatana iri kuva chinhu chakakosha pakushambadzira makambani, nemakambani akati wandei ari kuratidza chirevo chekuti "Isa pasina miganho yenzvimbo."
Kubatana kwakasimba kunoreva kubatanidza zvivakwa zvePV zvepadenga redzimba dzakawanda kuburikidza nenzira yekubatanidza magetsi, uchishandisa michina yekuwedzera simba kuti iwedzere simba remagetsi kuti ibatane negrid. Nzira iyi inotevera zvinodiwa zvekubatanidza grid zvisiri zvemunhu uye zvirongwa zvekutarisira kuvaka. Yakakodzera network dzekugovera magetsi mashoma dzisina simba rekuwedzera, uko nzvimbo yemagetsi inotsigira mari yetransformer, uye nzvimbo yepamusoro ine simba rakakwana, pamwe nekuvaka denga remusha wese munzvimbo dzakaungana.
10. Kuchengetera Transformer Inogoverwa Kunopinda Mumusika
Kunze kwekubatana kwakasimba, imwe nzira yekuwedzera kugona kwetransformer ndeyekuchengetera transformer yekugovera, inowanzoiswa panzvimbo dzekugovera magetsi kana mukati mematunhu etransformer. Simba rakawandisa rinogadzirwa nePV yakagoverwa rinogona kuchengetwa zvakananga mumasisitimu ekuchengetera simba pasina kupfuura nematransformer, nokudaro kugadzirisa dambudziko remiganhu yesimba retransformer. Inogona zvakare kugadzirisa kuchinja-chinja kwemutoro nekukasira uye kudiwa kwemutoro wakanyanya munetwork yekugovera, zvichiwedzera kugadzikana kwegrid.
Zvichienderana nefungidziro dzeindasitiri, nechikamu chekuchengetera che15%, sisitimu yekuchengetera simba ye200kW/400kWh inogona kuwedzera kugona kwekugadzira PV yakapararira neinenge 1.2MW, nemutengo wesisitimu yekuchengetera uchiwedzera angangoita 0.4-0.5 RMB/W.
Mukupedzisa, gore ra2024 rinova rimwe gore rinokosha remaPV akagoverwa. Kubudirira kwakanaka uye kunoenderera mberi kweindasitiri kunoenderana nemitemo yemitemo kubva kumatunhu ese ehurumende uye mhinduro itsva uye mamodheru ebhizinesi kubva kune vatambi vakawanda veindasitiri, zvichibatsira vese vane chekuita neindasitiri uye zvichitsigira zvirongwa zve zero-carbon.
