Ko te whanaketanga nui rawa atu mō te umanga heterojunction i te tau 2023 ko te putanga whakamua ki te whakaiti i te whakamahinga o te hiriwa, he taahiraa nui ki te whakaiti i ngā utu me te whakarei ake i te whakataetae o te rāngai. Ko te whakamana angitu o ngā tono mōrahi heterojunction i roto i ngā tipu hiko ā-rohe he tohu pai, ahakoa kāore anō kia tino pumau te hua o ngā kaihanga.
I te marama o Hune 2024, i hangaia te pūtau HJT+THL tuatahi i te Pokapū Auaha me te R&D o Tongwei, me ngā putanga hou i roto i ngā hononga parahi tauine gigawatt i tutuki i ngā whakamātautau whakamātautau. Ko te putanga mana teitei rawa atu mō te kōwae rā heterojunction a Dongfang Sunrise i eke ki te 767.38 Wp, me te pai o te huringa kōwae o te 24.70%, ka whakatakoto i tētahi rekoata hou.
I waenganui i te pikinga o ngā utu hiriwa, kua nui haere te hiranga o ngā hangarau pēnei i te whakapiri parahi pania hiriwa, te hangarau 0BB, me te tānga tauira. Ehara i te mea ka whakaitihia te whakamahinga hiriwa i roto i ngā pākahiko HJT e ēnei whanaketanga engari ka whakarei ake i te pai o te hurihanga, ka whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te hangarau HJT.
Kua tino piki ake te hiahia mō ngā wāhanga heterojunction, e kitea ana i roto i ngā tono nui mai i ngā tipu hiko o te kāinga me ngā ota o tāwāhi. I te mea kua eke te tuku wāhanga ki te 8-10 GW i te tau 2023, kei te pakari haere te hiahia o te mākete mō te hangarau heterojunction.
I te tau 2024, kua nui ake te hiahia ki te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te heterojunction i te whakaiti i te utu, inā koa kei te tere haere te whanaketanga o te hangarau TOPCon. Me arotau te hangarau heterojunction kia eke ki te 30 watts o te mana ārahi.
Kua nekehia te arotahi ki te whakaiti, ki te whakakore rānei i te whakamahinga hiriwa i roto i te whakapiri hiriwa nā ngā mahi whakaiti utu. Ahakoa i roto i te taiao e ngaro haere ana te moni puta noa i te umanga, e tumanakohia ana ka whakaatu ngā hua heterojunction i te hua, me te pupuri i te painga utu nui me te painga utu ki ngā hua TOPCon. Kei te aro hoki te mākete ki ngā ia whānui o ngā kaihanga matua, ka pā ki te tere o te haumitanga o te rāngai.
E rua ngā panonitanga matua e pā ana ki te utu kua puta i ngā wā tata nei: te whakahekenga o te nui o te hiriwa i roto i te whakapiri me te whakahekenga o ngā utu tukatuka mō te whakapiri hiriwa pāmahana-iti. Nā ngā whanaketanga hangarau, inā koa mai i te kaihanga whakapiri o tāwāhi, a KE, i angitu ai te whakarewatanga o te whakapiri hiriwa 30%, ā, i tino whakaitihia ngā utu. Hei tāpiri, mā te whakakotahi i te hangarau 0BB me te whakapiri hiriwa 30% kua hoatu he painga ki te hangarau heterojunction i roto i te iti o te whakamahinga hiriwa, ā, ka kaha ake te ātete ki ngā piki me ngā heke o te utu hiriwa.
Ahakoa te pikinga o ngā utu hiriwa e whakapiki ana i te utu o te hangarau heterojunction, ko tōna whakataetae matua kei roto i te iti o te whakamahinga hiriwa, e wehe ana i tōna utu mai i ngā piki me ngā heke o te utu hiriwa. Heoi anō, he mea nui tonu ngā whakapainga hiko mō te whanaketanga o te hangarau. I tēnei wā, tata ki te 10 watts noa iho te kaha ake o te hangarau heterojunction i te TOPCon mō ngā hua matua i te putanga 210.
I roto i ngā hauwhā 2-3 e whai ake nei, e matapaetia ana ka hipa ake ngā whakapainga mana heterojunction i te TOPCon, nā ngā whanaketanga o te paninga PVD, te whakakotahitanga tuarua, me te hangarau tā stencil. E matapaetia ana ka whakapai ake ēnei auahatanga i te pai o te pūtau mā te 0.6-0.7%, ka huri ki te 15 watts o te whakapainga mana i roto i ngā kōwae. E matapaetia ana ka whai wāhi te tā stencil anake ki te whakapainga pai o te 0.3% mā te arotau i ngā whakapiri parahi hiriwa-whakakikoruatia.
Ko te hangarau kiriata mārama tētahi atu mea nui hei akiaki. I te mea he nui ake ngā kaihanga e uru atu ana ki te mākete kiriata mārama, kua pai ake te ōwehenga utu/mahi, ā, kua heke ngā utu, ā, ka waiho pea hei whirihoranga paerewa i roto i te tau. I te whakakotahitanga me ngā whakarei ake i te pākahiko, e matapaetia ana ko te painga mana o te heterojunction ki runga ake i te TOPCon ka neke atu i te 4% mō te putanga 210 me te tata ki te 30 watts mō te putanga 20 i te mutunga o te tau 2024.
Mā te 2% ki te 5% te kaha hiko i roto i tētahi huringa whakahou hangarau rite tonu ka taea te akiaki i tētahi hangarau mai i te tīmatanga ki te ao whānui. He mea nui te rerekētanga 30-watt, i runga i ngā tauira tawhito o te whakahoutanga hangarau. Hei tauira, i piki ake te painga mana o TOPCon ki a PERC mai i te 10-15 watts (2%) i te mutunga o te tau 2022 ki te 30 watts (5%) i te mutunga o te tau 2023, ka waiho a TOPCon hei hangarau matua.
Mā te arataki hiko 4% ka taea te whakaoho i tētahi rauna hou o te whakawhānui heterojunction. Ko ngā panuitanga hou a TOPCon e whakaatu ana i te tuwhera ki ngā hangarau pania-hiriwa me te parahi, me ngā whakapainga i te pai o te whakaputa, ngā utu kore-silicon, me te haumi taputapu. Mena ka tutuki te pai o te whakahaere me te whakahaere utu o te raina GW hou i ngā tumanakohanga, ka nui ake ngā painga utu me te tauine o te hangarau heterojunction.
Me aro nui ki te hokohoko i te hangarau tānga tauira, te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga, me te whakamahinga kaha o ngā kaihanga matua pēnei i a Orient Sunrise me Chain Rise Technology. Ko te mahi pūtea a ngā kaihanga nui i te hauwhā tuatoru he tohu nui mō te angitu o te hokohoko hangarau heterojunction.
