Ko te umanga photovoltaic te nuinga o te wā e whakauru ana i te tono me te whanaketanga o ngā rauemi silicon me ngā hononga e pā ana, pērā i te hanga polysilicon teitei-parakore, te hanga pūtau me ngā kōwae solar, te hanga taputapu whakaputa e pā ana, me te tono mahi o te whakaputa hiko photovoltaic. I tēnei wā, kua riro ngā photovoltaics hei puna hiko ōhanga me te whai hua i te nuinga o ngā whenua me ngā rohe o te ao, ā, ka waiho hei tautoko nui mō te huringa matomato me te iti-waro. E ai ki te pūrongo a te International Energy Agency, ko te kaha hou kua tāutahia o te ao mō te pūngao whakahou i te tau 2023 kua piki ake mā te 50% i tērā tau ki te 510 GW, ā, tata ki te 75% te nui o ngā photovoltaics solar i whai wāhi. E matapaetia ana i te tīmatanga o te tau 2025, ka noho te pūngao whakahou, tae atu ki ngā photovoltaics, hei puna hiko matua o te ao.
I ngā tau tata nei, kua tere te tipu o te umanga hiko pūngao-rā o Haina, ā, kei te mau tonu i tētahi tūranga ārahi i te ao whānui. Nā te ahunga whakamua hangarau me te whakapai tonu i te kaha whakaputa, kei mua a Haina i te ao i runga i te kohikohinga hangarau, te rahi o te mākete, te kaha hanga me te taumata o te tino pai o te mekameka ahumahi i roto i te umanga hiko pūngao-rā. Ka taea e ngā hua hiko pūngao-rā o Haina te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o ngā mākete o te ao rerekē i runga i te mana, te whai huatanga, te kounga, ngā ratonga tautoko me te rohe. Haunga te kaweake i ā rātou hua, kei te whakawhānui ake ngā kamupene hiko pūngao-rā o Haina i ō rātou tapuwae ao mā te haumi me te whakatū wheketere ki tāwāhi, e tohu ana i tētahi huarahi rautaki hou ki te whakawhānui o te ao. E ai ki te pūrongo a te International Renewable Energy Agency, kua heke te utu tāpiri mō ia kilowatt-haora o ngā kaupapa whakaputa hiko pūngao-rā o te ao neke atu i te 80% i roto i te tekau tau kua hipa, ko te nuinga o tēnei e pā ana ki ngā pūkenga auaha, hanga me te hangarau o Haina.
Kua noho ngā hua photovoltaic hei wāhanga nui o ngā kaweake hokohoko ki tāwāhi a Haina, me te tipu nui o ā rātou tatauranga kaweake. E ai ki ngā raraunga a te China Photovoltaic Industry Association, ko te nui o te kaweake o ngā wafer silicon, te pākahiko rokiroki pūngao me ngā kōwae, ngā rauemi mata matua o ngā hua photovoltaic a Haina, i te tau 2023 ka 70.3 GW, 39.3 GW me te 211.7 GW, he pikinga o te 93.6%, 65.5% me te 37.9% i ia tau. Ahakoa i heke te utu o ngā hua photovoltaic i te tau 2023, ā, i hua ake ai te ia o te "pikinga o te rahinga me te heke o te utu" o ngā kaweake katoa, ko te take nui o tēnei ko te pakarutanga mai o te raruraru pūngao o Ūropi me te whakatairanga kaha o ngā hiahia whakawhiti pūngao o te ao, i hua ake ai te tere o te whakawhānui ake i te kaha whakaputa photovoltaic, ā, i puta ake ai he kore taurite o te tuku me te tono o te ao, i puta ai he hekenga nui o ngā utu o te polysilicon, ngā wafer silicon, ngā pākahiko me ngā kōwae, ā, kua heke iho ngā utu o ētahi hononga neke atu i te 50% i whakaritea ki te tīmatanga o te tau.
I te wā roa, kāore e rerekē te ia o te hurihanga matomato o te pūngao o te ao, me te haumi me te mahi tahi i roto i te pūngao hou pēnei i te photovoltaics, ā, ka haere tonu te ia o te tipu o te kaha tāuta o te mākete photovoltaic. E ai ki te matapae a TrendForce, ko te tumanako koretake mō te kaha tāuta photovoltaic hou o te ao i te tau 2024 ko te 474 GW, he pikinga tau-ki-te-tau o te 16%. Mai i te tirohanga a ngā mākete rohe nui e whā, ka uru te tono kaha tāuta i ngā mākete Āhia me Ūropi ki tētahi wāhanga whakatikatika, ā, ka mau tonu te tipu pumau; e matapaetia ana ka piki ake te tono i te mākete o Amerika, ka akiaki i te mākete whānui i Amerika kia mau tonu te tere tipu teitei; ka tere ake te rohe o te Middle East i te hanganga o ngā teihana hiko whenua photovoltaic nui i Saudi Arabia, te UAE me ētahi atu whenua nā te tere haere o te rautaki hurihanga pūngao me te hekenga o ngā utu wāhanga.
