Ungabona kanjani ukuthi isiteshi sikagesi se-PV sehlulekile ngezinyathelo ezimbili?
(1) Ukuhlolwa okuyisisekelo kwesimo sesitshalo sikagesi se-PV okwenziwe kwaba nokwenzeka yimitha kagesi ehlakaniphile: Imitha kagesi ehlakaniphile ibala idatha evela esiteshini sikagesi se-PV ukuze ibone ukuthi kukhona yini inkinga ngendlela esebenza ngayo. Isikrini semitha kagesi sibonisa idatha mayelana nokukhiqizwa kukagesi kwesiteshi sikagesi engasetshenziswa ukuhlola ukuthi kukhona yini ugesi wokusetshenziswa.
(2) Ukuhlolwa okuyisisekelo kwesimo sesiteshi samandla se-PV ekusebenziseni i-inverter: ukubala inombolo yochungechunge ye-inverter ngokukhombisa idatha, ukuthola isimo samandla sesiteshi samandla kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamandla, ukuthola isimo sokusebenza kwesiteshi samandla ngokubheka ukukhanya kwephutha, bese kuqala ukuthola uhlobo lwephutha kanye nembangela yalo ngokusekelwe kukhodi yephutha. Lolu lwazi kufanele luthunyelwe eyunithi yokusebenza nokulungisa ngesikhathi, futhi imisebenzi eyisisekelo kufanele yenziwe ngokwemiyalelo.
1. Ukulungiswa Kwensimu
(1) Abasebenzi bayayihlanza kabili ngenyanga, bahlanze uthuli ngesikhathi.
(2) Hlola ukuthi ucingo lwendawo yensimu, izimpawu zokuphepha, kanye namabhodi okwazisa ulwazi kusesesesimweni esihle yini.
(3) Hlola imishini esiteshini sikagesi welanga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ayilahleki, ayilimali, noma ayintshontshwa. Abantu abangekho kubasebenzi akufanele basondele eduze kwe-photovoltaic arrays, futhi izinyoni, izilwane, noma ezinye izinto zangaphandle kufanele zisunduzelwe kude futhi zihlanzwe ngokushesha.
(4) Yenza konke okusemandleni akho ukulalela nokubhala phansi umbiko wesimo sezulu sendawo wansuku zonke ngesikhathi, futhi ulungele izingozi futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokugcina isitshalo sikagesi se-photovoltaic siphephile.
(5) Qaphela futhi ubhale phansi imingcele yokusebenza kwemishini yesitshalo sikagesi se-PV, ulandelele ukuthi isitshalo senza amandla angakanani, futhi ugcine irekhodi elihle lokuphatha isitshalo sikagesi se-PV.
(6) Abahloli kufanele bakwazi ukwenza ukuhlaziywa kwamaphutha okuyisisekelo esiteshini sikagesi se-PV. Kufanele futhi bazise iyunithi ngesiteshi sikagesi kanye neyunithi yokusebenza nokulungisa yobungcweti ngamaphutha ukuze alungiswe ngokushesha.
2. Ukunakekela Izingxenye
(1) Hlola amamojula e-PV kanye nezintambo eziveziwe ukuthi azigugi yini ekushiseni nasekulimeni kwemishini njalo. Amamojula kanye nama-bracket kufanele ahlangane kahle, futhi amabhlogo okucindezela kufanele aboshwe kahle. Uma kutholakala inkinga, imojula idinga ukulungiswa noma ukushintshwa ngokushesha.
Kulesi simo, i-module ibukeka sengathi ingilazi iphukile, ibhokisi lokuxhumanisa ligobile, lisontekile, liqhekekile, noma lishile, ama-terminal awakwazi ukuhlanganiswa kahle, njalo njalo.
(2) Gcina izindawo zamayunithi e-PV zihlanzekile. Uma kunothuli noma iqhwa kumojuli noma uma ingahlanzwa isikhathi eside, izoqoqa uthuli engxenyeni engezansi yephaneli yelanga. Lokhu kuzokwenza iphaneli yelanga ibukeke sengathi inamabala amnyama amakhulu kanye namabala ashisayo ngaphakathi kwayo, okuzoyivimba ekwenzeni ugesi futhi kungabangela ngisho nomlilo. Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokuhlanza, njengokusebenzisa isibhamu samanzi esinomfutho ophezulu, ibhodlela lokufafaza, amathuluzi okuhlanza ochwepheshe, njalo njalo.
Uma uhlanza izingxenye, kufanele unake lezi zinto:
01. Isikhathi sokuhlanza: kungcono ukuhlanza ekuseni kakhulu noma kusihlwa kakhulu, lapho ukukhanya kungaqinile kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukukhanya kwelanga kubuthakathaka ngalezi zikhathi, ngakho-ke akukho ukulahleka kwamandla okuningi. Futhi, ufuna ukugwema ukufaka izithunzi zokwenziwa kumaphaneli elanga emini ukuze ugweme umphumela we-hot spot obangelwa ukukhanya okunamandla, okungaba yingozi kubantu.
02. Umjikelezo wokuhlanza: umjikelezo wokuhlanza usekelwe ekutheni izingxenye zingcolile kangakanani; ngokuvamile, kufanele zihlanzwe kanye noma kabili ngenyanga, kodwa izindawo ezinothuli kufanele zihlanzwe kaningi njengoba kudingeka.
03. Qiniseka ukuthi uphephile: amabhawodi nezingxenye zinamakhona amaningi abukhali. Uma uhlanza izingxenye, qaphela kakhulu ukuthi ungagawulwa yila makhona.
04. Sula imodyuli ngendwangu ethambile ehlanzekile.
05. Ungacwilisi ngemuva kwephaneli yelanga uma ugeza uhlangothi olungaphambili.
06. Ibhokisi lokuxhumanisa kanye nethreyi yocingo yemodyuli akufanele kufakwe amanzi. Lawula umfutho wamanzi ngesibhamu samanzi esinomfutho ophezulu ukuze ugweme ukwenza imifantu okunzima ukuyibona.
07. Ukuhlanza i-PV module akuvunyelwe esimweni sezulu esibi. Ebusika, indawo iyomiswa ngendwangu ngemva kokuhlanza. Ukuhlanza akufanele kwenzeke lapho izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu ukuvimbela indawo ukuba ingabi yiqhwa.
3. Ukulungiswa kwe-inverter
(1) Akufanele kube khona ukugqwala, ukwakheka kothuli, noma ezinye izinkinga nge-inverter.
(2) I-inverter kufanele ibe sesimweni esihle sokususa ukushisa.
(3) Uma i-transformer isebenza, akufanele kube khona umsindo omkhulu noma ukudlidliza okukhulu.
(4) Izimpawu zesixwayiso se-inverter kufanele zibe ziphelele futhi zingaphuki.
(5) Ifeni ye-inverter kufanele ikwazi ukuqala nokuma yodwa, futhi akufanele yenze umsindo omkhulu noma ukudlidliza lapho isebenza. Uma kunenkinga, ugesi kufanele ucinywe bese inkinga ibhekwa.
(6) Nakisisa ukuze ubone ukuthi ukufudumala, umsindo, noma iphunga le-inverter akusebenzi yini. Uma izinga lokushisa ngaphandle liphakeme kuno-40 °C, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuligcina lingaphuki ekushiseni ngokweqile futhi lihlale isikhathi eside.
(7) Uma isenzo sokuphepha sivimba i-inverter ukuthi isebenze, kufanele uthole ukuthi kungani bese uyilungisa ngaphambi kokuthi uvule ugesi futhi.
(8) Hlola izintambo kuzo zonke izingxenye ze-inverter njalo ukuze ubone ukuthi ziyaxega yini. Uma uthola noma yiziphi izinkinga, zilungise ngokushesha.
(9) Bheka ijika lamandla, amandla okukhiqiza amandla nsuku zonke, kanye namandla okukhiqiza amandla aphelele nge-transformer. Sebenzisa ikhodi yephutha ukuthola inkinga.
4. Ukunakekelwa kwamabhokisi okusabalalisa
(1) Funda ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye yemishini kagesi isebenza kanjani nokuthi isetshenziselwani, futhi ukhumbule ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nengxenye ngayinye yemishini ebhokisini lokusabalalisa.
(2) Ibhokisi lokusabalalisa akumele liguquguquke, libole, livuza amanzi, noma liqoqe uthuli. Izimpawu zokuxwayisa zokuphepha ezingaphandle kwebhokisi kumele zihlale zinjalo, futhi ingidi ebhokisini kumele ikwazi ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kalula.
(3) I-circuit breaker ebhokisini lokusabalalisa isebenza kahle; ukuxhumana akufanele kube okuxekethile, okugqwalile, noma okubuthuntu. Akukho misindo engavamile evela emishinini, akukho phunga elivela endaweni lapho isetshenziswa khona, kanye nemitha yokulinganisa neyokulinganisa ebonisa ukufundwa okuvamile.
5. Ukulungiswa kwezintambo nezixhumi
(1) Okokuqala, kuphakanyiswa ukuthi izintambo zihlolwe kanye ngenyanga.
(2) Izintambo akufanele zisetshenziswe uma zigcwele ngokweqile, futhi noma yikuphi ukulimala kwe-cable sheath kufanele kulungiswe ngokushesha.
(3) Akufanele kube nezimbobo ekhebulani ezingena noma eziphumayo kumathuluzi amakhulu kuno-10 mm. Uma zikhona, kufanele kusetshenziswe udaka olungashisi ukuze luvinjwe.
(4) Intambo ephakathi kwemigqa akufanele ibe namandla amaningi kuyo.
(5) Intambo kufanele iboshwe ngokuqinile phansi hhayi nje ilenga lapho. Ingaphakathi lepayipi lokuphepha lekhebula kufanele libe nodonga olubushelelezi, futhi ipayipi lekhebula lensimbi akufanele libe nokugqwala okukhulu, ama-burrs, izinto eziqinile, noma udoti kuyo.
(6) Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izintambo zithintana kahle, amajoyinti kufanele avalwe kahle. Uma amajoyinti ehluleka, i-inverter kufanele icishwe ngokushesha, kanti amanye amajoyinti axhunywe kuyo kufanele anqanyulwe, ukuze amajoyinti angaphinde akhubeke.
6. Ukunakekela ama-bracket
(1) Wonke amabhawodi nezixhumanisi zama-bracket kudingeka aqine futhi aqine.
(2) Isembozo sokuvimbela ukugqwala ebusweni be-bracket akufanele siqhekeke noma sihlutshulwe. Uma kunjalo, sidinga ukupendwa kabusha ngokushesha.
(3) I-stent kufanele ihlale iqinile, futhi uhlelo lokufaka isisekelo kufanele luhlolwe njalo ngonyaka ngaphambi kokuqala kwesizini yeziphepho, ikakhulukazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isixhumanisi siqinile nokuthi ukuxhumana kuhle.
(4) Ngemva kwezivunguvungu, iziphepho, kanye nezinye izimo zezulu ezimbi, uhlu lwesikwele se-PV kufanele luhlolwe lonke ukuze kubonakale ukuthi lugobile, lushintshile, noma lukhululekile. Amantongomane abambe i-PV bracket endaweni akufanele akhululeke.
(5) Faka i-photovoltaic bracket esisekelweni esenziwe ngaphambilini. Isisekelo kufanele sibekwe phansi kahle nangokucophelela, futhi akufanele sinyakaze. Uma iphansi le-bracket linamathele ophahleni, kufanele uhlole njalo ukuvikela uphahla ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi lugcwele futhi luzohlala isikhathi eside.
7. Ukuvikelwa kombani kanye nokunakekelwa njalo komhlabathi
(1) Uhlelo lokuvikela umbani lufake isisekelo endaweni egqwalile, kanti ingxenye ebonakalayo yopende egqwalile yasuswa ngesikhathi sokususa ukugqwala nopende.
(2) Ukuxhumana phakathi kwezingxenye, amabakaki, nomhlabathi kanye nenethiwekhi yokumisa uphahla kufanele kuqine. I-PV square array kufanele ibe nokumisa okuqhubekayo nokuqinile, futhi ukumelana nokumisa uphahla kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-4 Ω.
(3) Ngaphambi kokuba kuqale isizini yezimvula, uhlelo lokufaka umhlabathi kufanele luhlolwe futhi lugcinwe ngokugcwele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uxhumano luqinile nokuthi ukuxhumana kuhle. Noma yiziphi izinkinga kufanele zitholakale kusenesikhathi ukuze zilungiswe. Imodyuli yokuvikela umbani kufanele ihlolwe futhi, futhi noma yiziphi amamodyuli atholakale ephukile kufanele ashintshwe ngokushesha.
Indlela yokusebenzisa nokugcina isiteshi sikagesi se-photovoltaic ngendlela ephephile nephumelelayo
Umsebenzi nokulungiswa
Njengoba umnotho nomphakathi ukhula, umthwalo wegridi yamandla uyaqhubeka nokwenyuka. Igridi yamandla nayo ihlala iba ngcono. Kunemigqa eminingi kakhulu ye-10 kV, okuyiyona eyinhloko yokunikezwa kwamandla kagesi yesifunda. Abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe bangafinyelela izinsiza zikagesi ezisatshalaliswayo, futhi umthwalo wemigqa uya ngokuya uhlukahluka. Njengoba i-dispatch iyingxenye eyinhloko yokuqapha igridi, imisebenzi yokuqapha iya ngokuya iba nzima. Umthumeli we-State Grid Henan Wenxian Power Supply Company uphethe ukubheka imigqa engu-101 kulo lonke isifunda. Manje kubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi ungenza kanjani ukulandelela amashifu kube ngcono kakhulu ukuze umthumeli we-dispatch akwazi ukuqonda ngokushesha ukuthi umugqa we-10 kV usebenza kanjani futhi athole futhi alungise amaphutha ngokushesha.
01: Ukuhlela nokulandelela amashifu:
Uma sebethathe izintambo, kufanele bahlole imigqa bese beqhathanisa umthwalo wosuku nosuku olwandulele, noma ngabe kukhona noma cha izinguquko ezisheshayo, ukuze bakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi omuhle wokuhlaziya umthwalo nokwenza izibikezelo zesikhashana mayelana nomthwalo;
faka umugqa ngosuku uma kwenzeka izinguquko ezisheshayo emthwalweni ezidinga ukutholakala ngokushesha bese zilahlwa;
Uma kukhona ukucima kukagesi endaweni enkulu, umthumeli kumele aqale ahlole ijika lomthwalo wemigqa eminingi yokunikezwa kukagesi esifundeni ukuze athole umugqa wephutha ongaba khona ngenkathi ephendula ucingo futhi ephendula imibuzo yekhasimende mayelana nomugqa wokucima kukagesi. Kumele avale ukusebenza kwe-loop ngenkathi ebheka izinguquko emthwalweni emigqeni eminingi.
Uma kukhona ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kukagesi, umthumeli kuzodingeka abheke amajika omthwalo wemigqa kagesi eyahlukahlukene endaweni ukuze athole ukuthi yimiphi engase iphuke futhi ayithole ngokushesha ngenkathi ephendula imibuzo yamakhasimende. iv. Qapha indlela umthwalo oshintsha ngayo emigqeni eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa ngenkathi iluphu iphela. Lapho umthumeli ebheke igridi, uvame ukubheka amajika omthwalo wemigqa bese ewaqhathanisa ukuze athole ukuthi yimiphi imigqa engasebenzi kahle. Njengoba igridi ikhula futhi kunezelwa imigqa eminingi, ukubheka ijika lomthwalo kuthatha isikhathi eside, okwenza kuthathe isikhathi eside ukuthi umthumeli atadishe futhi anqume amaphutha. Lokhu kubambezela inqubo yokulungisa amaphutha ngokushesha, ukubuyisela amandla kubasebenzisi ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi kungabangela izinkinga ezifihliwe ngezicelo.
02. Uma umthumeli esebenzisa imephu yenkomba yomthwalo ukuze athuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokuqapha kwakhe, angabona izinombolo eziluhlaza neziqhakazayo esibonakalayo sokuqapha uhlelo. Abathumeli abanolwazi bangabona izimo zomugqa ngokubheka izinombolo, kodwa abathumeli abasha ababheka izinombolo kuphela bangase baphuthelwe isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokubhekana nengozi, ngakho ukuthola amaphutha ngokushesha kubaluleke kakhulu. Zonke lezi zinkinga zingalungiswa uma ijika lomthwalo womugqa lingaboniswa ngesikhathi sangempela.
03. Amathuluzi okulandelela i-PV O&M kufanele asetshenziswe kahle.
Ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokulandelela lwe-PV O&M kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola izinkinga ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke. Izingxenye eziyinhloko zohlelo lokuqapha lwe-PV O&M uhlelo lokuqoqa nokuqapha imitha ehlakaniphile, uhlelo lokuphatha i-O&M yokuqoqa idatha ye-inverter, kanye nohlelo lwevidiyo lokuqapha lwangaphandle lwensimu. Ukuqoqa idatha yokulinganisa kusuka kumamitha ahlakaniphile kuyindlela ecacile yokuthola ukuthi iziteshi zikagesi ze-PV zingenza malini ukusiza ekunciphiseni ubumpofu. Idatha ingahlaziywa futhi ukuze kuhlolwe iziteshi zikagesi futhi kuphathwe ukusebenza nokulungiswa kwazo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uhlelo lokuphathwa kokusebenza nokugcinwa kwedatha ye-inverter lwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuqapha ukuthi ubani ongafinyelela ipulatifomu ye-State Grid. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, luyingxenye ebalulekile yokusebenza nokugcinwa okuhlakaniphile.
