Ko ngā umanga photovoltaic o Haina hei whakatau i te huarahi

Kei te tiaho te umanga photovoltaic (PV) o Haina i roto i te ngaru o te whakawhiti pūngao o te ao. Heoi, i ngā tau tata nei, kei te haere tonu te US ki te whakatakoto i ngā taripa ki ngā hua PV Hainamana, ā, kua whānui ake te whānuitanga ki ngā whenua e whā o Āhia ki te Tonga-Rawhiti, ā, kua piki haere te uaua o te taiao mākete o tāwāhi mō ngā umanga PV Hainamana. I te tīmatanga o Hepetema, i kī te United States ka whakapiki ake ētahi o ngā hua photovoltaic o Haina i ngā taripa i muri i te wā o te US i te 1 o Oketopa, 2024, i kī te Tari Tauhokohoko o Amerika (Tari Tauhokohoko) mai i ngā whenua e whā o Āhia ki te Tonga-Rawhiti (Cambodia, Malaysia, Thailand me Vietnam) ngā pūtau photovoltaic tioata (ahakoa i huihuia ki roto i tētahi kōwae) he rangahau takoha whakahē (CVD) mō te whakataunga tuatahi.

E ai ki te pitihana AD/CVD i tukuna i te tīmatanga o tēnei tau e te American Alliance of Solar Manufacturing Trade Councils (AASMTC), ka whakamahere te Tari Tauhokohoko o Amerika ki te whakapuaki i tētahi whakataunga whakamutunga mō te whakahē (CVD) i te Hui-tanguru 2025, whai muri i te whakataunga tuatahi mō te take ārai-tuku.

I roto i te ngaru o te whakawhiti pūngao o te ao, i hangaia anō e te umanga photovoltaic o Haina te mekameka tuku photovoltaic o te ao. Heoi, i whakatakotohia e te US he taake ki runga i ngā hua photovoltaic Hainamana, me te whānuitanga o te whakawhānui i ngā whenua e whā i te Tonga-Rawhiti o Āhia, ko te tikanga ko ngā umanga photovoltaic Hainamana "mā" te Tonga-Rawhiti o Āhia, e whā ngā whenua i kaweake ki te mākete o te US i aukatia, ki ngā umanga photovoltaic Hainamana ki te kawe mai i ngā wero taumaha.

Te Pānga o te Pikinga Tari o Amerika
1. Te pikinga ohorere o ngā utu kaweake
Nā ngā taripa teitei kua uaua te urunga atu o ngā hua PV Hainamana ki te mākete o Amerika. Kei roto hoki te taripa 50% mō ngā pūtau rā, ngā papa silicon me ngā rauemi silicon, ā, ka tino piki ake te utu o te mekameka ahumahi. I taua wā anō, ko ngā rangahautanga ārai-tuku me te ārai-tāpui i roto i ngā whenua e whā o Āhia ki te Tonga-Rawhiti, ka mutu ko Āhia ki te Tonga-Rawhiti te "piriti" o ngā umanga PV Hainamana, ka piki ake te utu o ngā kaweake.

2. Te wāhi mākete kua herea
I raro i te pēhanga o ngā taripa teitei, kua tino heke te maha me te nui o ngā hua PV ā-rohe o Haina e kaweake ana ki te US, ā, te āhua nei kāore e taea te toro atu ki te mākete o Amerika. E ai ki ngā tatauranga a te whakahaere kōrero ahumahi a Infolink Consulting, tae noa ki te tau 2023, ko te puna matua o ngā waeine photovoltaic o Amerika kei te ahu mai tonu i te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti o Āhia, e 60% o te katoa o te tono i te mākete o Amerika, kua tino whakararuraruhia ngā umanga PV o Haina i roto i te tahora mākete o te ao.

3. Te whakataetae ahumahi me te whakanui ake i te mōrearea
Ko ngā mahi tiaki hokohoko a Ūropi me te Hononga o Amerika hei whakauaua i ngā kaweake a ngā umanga PV Hainamana, he whakataetae ā-rohe nui, ā, ko ētahi o ngā umanga i whakahau kia whakaitihia te pakanga utu, kia tino heke ai te taumata o ngā hua.

Tae noa mai ki tēnei wā, kua horapa ngā tapuwae o ngā kaihanga PV Hainamana ki ngā whenua me ngā rohe neke atu i te 100 o te ao. Ahakoa i muri i te "aukati" kotahi i muri i tetahi, ka taea tonu e ngā umanga photovoltaic o Haina te kimi i tētahi huarahi hou, ki te kimi i te whanaketanga pumau e whai ake nei o te papa whakawhiti kei roto i te "moana" o ngā umanga photovoltaic o Haina i mua i ngā take nui ake.

Ngā Mahi mō ngā Pakihi Pūngao Whakaahua Hainamana
1. Te auahatanga hangarau me te whakapai ake i ngā ahumahi
He mea nui te auahatanga hangarau me te whakapai ake i ngā ahumahi. Me whakanui ake ngā haumitanga R&D a ngā umanga PV ā-rohe, me whakatairanga i te hokohoko o ngā heterojunction, ngā pūtau BC me ētahi atu hua auaha, me whakapai ake i te whai huatanga me te kounga o te hurihanga hua, me tautoko i ngā umanga matua o Haina kia tere te puta atu i te paru o te whakararuraru, me te whakapakari tonu i ō rātou painga hangarau.

2. Te whakaritenga anō o te mekameka tuku
He mea nui te whakarite anō i te mekameka tuku. Whakatikatikahia te tahora i te wā e taea ai, ka whakatū ki tāwāhi hei rapu i ngā turanga whakaputa hou. Ko te Middle East, Indonesia me Laos ka waiho hei whiringa hou. Kāore ēnei whenua me ngā rohe i whakaurua ki te rārangi utu o Amerika, ka whiriwhiri ētahi kamupene PV ki te whakawhiti tere ki ngā rohe huri noa, hei hopu i te matapihi i mua i te whakatūnga o Amerika i tētahi pire hou.

3. Te whakawhānui ake i ngā mākete o tāwāhi
Kaua e whakaroa te whakawhānui i ngā mākete o tāwāhi. Kia whānuitia te whakatakotoranga, kia whakawhanakehia ngā mākete hou pēnei i a Āhia me Āwherika, kia whakaitihia hoki te whakawhirinaki ki te mākete kotahi. Kia whakapakarihia te hanganga o ngā hongere hokohoko me ngā whatunga ratonga o tāwāhi hei whakanui ake i te mōhiotanga ki te waitohu me te wāhi mākete. Engari me whai whakaaro anō hoki ki te taiao ōhanga ā-rohe, te taiao ture pakihi, ngā hanganga me ngā mahi whakahaere, ngā utu whakaputa me te maha atu o ngā āhuatanga.

4. Te urupare kaupapa here me te whakahaere mōrearea
He mea nui te urupare kaupapa here me te whakahaere mōrearea. Ka whakatinanahia e te kāwanatanga ngā kaupapa here hei tautoko i te whanaketanga ahumahi, ā, ka aro nui ngā umanga ki ngā au mōrearea o tāwāhi i te wā tika hei karo i ngā tautohe hokohoko. Ka whakatūria he tikanga whakatūpato mōrearea wawe hei whakatau i ngā piki me ngā heke o te mākete me ngā huringa kaupapa here.

5. Whakapakari i te mahi tahi o te ao
He mea nui anō hoki te whakapakari i te mahi tahi ā-ao. Kōrero tahi me te mahi tahi me ngā hoa mahi o te ao hei whakatairanga tahi i te whanaketanga ahumahi. Mahi tahi me ngā umanga ā-rohe, me te whakauru atu ki te mākete ā-rohe kia tutuki ai te painga mō te katoa. Whakamahia te pūtea me ngā rauemi o te ao, me te piri ki te huarahi o te whanaketanga tuwhera.