Masana'antar samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar amfani da wutar lantarki (PV) ta zama muhimmin ginshiki na dabarun da Amurka ke amfani da su don cimma 'yancin kai na makamashi, inganta ayyukan yi, da kuma karfafa ikon amfani da makamashi. Duk da cewa fasahar ta samo asali ne daga Amurka, saurin karuwar masana'antar samar da wutar lantarki ta kasar Sin a cikin shekaru ashirin da suka gabata ya sanya Amurka cikin koma baya a gasar duniya. Duk da haka, Dokar Rage Farashin Farashi ta yanzu (IRA) a matsayin ginshiki na jerin manyan manufofin saka hannun jari da tallafi suna jagorantar masana'antar samar da wutar lantarki ta Amurka zuwa manyan sauye-sauye, suna taimaka mata ta sake samun jagorancin masana'antar samar da hasken rana ta duniya.
A shekarar 2017, Amurka ta zo ta 14 kacal a fannin samar da na'urorin PV a duniya, amma nan da shekarar 2022, godiya ga karuwar sabbin masana'antu, musamman a yankin kudancin da aka samu karuwar, Amurka ta yi tsalle zuwa matsayi na uku, inda ta yi nasara a kan Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam da Turkiyya da sauran manyan kamfanonin samar da hasken rana.
A cewar Ƙungiyar Wutar Lantarki ta Amurka (SEIA) da kuma sabon binciken Wood Mackenzie, masana'antar samar da hasken rana ta Amurka ta haifar da wani muhimmin sauyi. Alabama, Florida, Ohio da Texas, sabbin masana'antu guda biyar masu faɗaɗawa, ta yadda ƙarfin samar da na'urar PV ta Amurka na kusan 40GW, a cikin cikakken yanayin samarwa, kusan ya cika duk buƙatun makamashin hasken rana na cikin gida na Amurka.
Matsayin da ake ciki a yanzu na masana'antar PV ta Amurka Masana'antu
1. Module Georgia, Texas, Washington da South Carolina suna zuba jarin biliyoyin daloli a fannin samar da na'urorin PV.
2.Battery Suniva ta sake fara aikin samar da batirinta a Georgia, South Carolina, Georgia da Indiana sun sanar da sabbin tsare-tsaren kera batirin. A halin yanzu, ana kan gina karfin 12GW na sel, kuma an sanar da wani karfin 34GW.
3. Sandunan Silicon QCells sun gina masana'antar sanda da wafer mai ƙarfin 3.3GW a Georgia, kuma aƙalla wani kamfani da ke Amurka yana shirya wani aiki mai alaƙa da shi, da kuma REC Silicon, wanda ya fara sake saka hannun jari a ɓangaren polysilicon.1 Masu bin diddigin motoci Arizona, Florida, New Mexico, Texas da Nevada suna gida ga ɗimbin masana'antun na'urorin bin diddigin hasken rana, waɗanda har ma suka sake buɗe masana'antar ƙarfe ta Bethlehem da aka rufe a wajen Pittsburgh.
4. Racking West Virginia da Texas muhimman tushe ne na ƙera tarin ƙarfe na PV a Amurka, yayin da Utah da Illinois ke samar da nau'ikan racking na PV iri-iri.
A cikin shekaru biyu da suka gabata, masana'antun hasken rana na Amurka sun sanar da zuba jari na dala biliyan 36 kuma ana sa ran za su samar da ayyukan yi sama da 44,000 na masana'antu. A halin yanzu, sabbin cibiyoyin samar da wutar lantarki ta PV da adana makamashi guda 67 suna aiki, yayin da ake gina wasu 48 a yanzu haka. Yayin da bukatar karfin hasken rana da aka sanya ke karuwa, za a kunna karin karfin samar da wutar lantarki kuma sarkar samar da wutar lantarki za ta inganta a hankali. Wasu masana'antun sun riga sun kafa masana'antu a jihohi ko birane da dama, kuma Amurka ta riga ta sami karfin samar da wutar lantarki ga dukkan sarkar masana'antu, daga silicon, sel da kayayyaki zuwa inverters, trackers da racking.
Ƙungiyar Wutar Lantarki ta Amurka (SEIA) ta ambaci cewa suna tattaunawa da kamfanoni da yawa kuma suna shirin fara wani mataki na gaba na kera hasken rana a cikin gida. Dangane da manufofin Amurka, wannan zai iya zama misali mafi nasara na dawo da masana'antu a tarihi. Duk da haka, ga kamfanonin China, babban jari da kuɗaɗen gudanarwa da ƙaruwar gasa a masana'antar kera kayayyaki ta cikin gida ta Amurka, zai kawo matsin lamba na raguwar kasuwar da kuma cikas ga shiga, tsohon "na ciki" ko kuma za a mayar da shi "na waje".
