Makampani opanga magetsi a photovoltaic (PV) akhala mzati wofunikira kwambiri kuti US ikwaniritse ufulu wodzilamulira pa mphamvu, kulimbikitsa ntchito, ndikulimbitsa mphamvu zake. Ngakhale ukadaulowu unayambira ku US, kukwera mwachangu kwa makampani opanga magetsi a PV ku China m'zaka makumi awiri zapitazi kwaika US pachiwopsezo pa mpikisano wapadziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, lamulo la Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) lomwe lili pakati pa mfundo zazikulu zoyendetsera ndalama ndi zothandizira likupangitsa makampani opanga magetsi a dzuwa ku US kusintha kwakukulu, zomwe zikuwathandiza kuti abwererenso utsogoleri wopanga magetsi a dzuwa padziko lonse lapansi.
Mu 2017, dziko la US linali pa nambala 14 yokha pakupanga ma module a PV padziko lonse lapansi, koma pofika chaka cha 2022, chifukwa cha kukula kwa mafakitale atsopano, makamaka kum'mwera kwa dzikolo komwe kukukula, dziko la US lafika pa nambala 3, lapambana Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam ndi Turkey ndi makampani ena opanga magetsi a dzuwa.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa wa US Photovoltaic Association (SEIA) ndi Wood Mackenzie, makampani opanga magetsi a dzuwa aku US abweretsa kusintha kwakukulu. Alabama, Florida, Ohio ndi Texas, mafakitale asanu atsopano komanso okulirakulira, kotero kuti mphamvu yopanga ma module a PV ku United States ya pafupifupi 40GW, yomwe ili yonse, ikukwaniritsa zosowa zonse za mphamvu ya dzuwa yaku US.
Mkhalidwe wa makampani opanga ma PV aku US ulipobe
1. Ma Module Georgia, Texas, Washington ndi South Carolina akuyika mabiliyoni ambiri a madola popanga ma module a PV.
2.Battery Suniva yayambitsanso fakitale yake ya mabatire ku Georgia, South Carolina, Georgia ndi Indiana alengeza mapulani atsopano opangira mabatire. Pakadali pano, mphamvu ya ma cell ya 12GW ikupangidwa, ndipo mphamvu ina ya 34GW yalengezedwa.
3. Ndodo za silicon QCells yamanga fakitale ya ndodo ndi wafer ya 3.3GW ku Georgia, ndipo kampani ina yochokera ku US ikukonzekera pulojekiti yofanana, komanso REC Silicon, yomwe yayamba kuyikanso ndalama mu gawo la polysilicon.1 Ma Tracker ku Arizona, Florida, New Mexico, Texas ndi Nevada ali ndi opanga ambiri opanga ma solar tracker, omwe ayambiranso fakitale yachitsulo ya Bethlehem yomwe yatsekedwa kunja kwa Pittsburgh.
4. Kukonza ma racking ku West Virginia ndi Texas ndi maziko ofunikira popanga milu yachitsulo cha PV ku US, pomwe Utah ndi Illinois amapanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma racking a PV.
M'zaka ziwiri zapitazi, opanga mphamvu za dzuwa aku US alengeza ndalama zokwana $36 biliyoni ndipo akuyembekezeka kupanga ntchito zopitilira 44,000 zopangira zinthu. Pakadali pano, mafakitale atsopano 67 opangira magetsi a PV ndi malo osungiramo mphamvu akugwira ntchito, pomwe ena 48 akumangidwa. Pamene kufunikira kwa mphamvu ya dzuwa yokhazikika kukukula, mphamvu zambiri zopangira zinthu zidzayatsidwa ndipo unyolo wopereka zinthu udzakwera pang'onopang'ono. Opanga ena akhazikitsa kale mafakitale m'maboma kapena m'mizinda yambiri, ndipo US ili kale ndi mphamvu zopangira zinthu zonse za unyolo wa mafakitale, kuyambira silicon, maselo ndi ma module mpaka ma inverter, ma tracker ndi ma racking.
Bungwe la US Photovoltaic Association (SEIA) lanena kuti likukambirana ndi makampani ambiri ndipo akukonzekera kuyambitsa gawo lotsatira la kupanga magetsi a dzuwa m'nyumba. Motsogozedwa ndi mfundo za US, izi zitha kukhala chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri cha kubweza mafakitale m'mbiri. Komabe, kwa makampani aku China, ndalama zambiri zogulira ndi kuyang'anira komanso kukwera kwa mpikisano m'makampani opanga magetsi m'nyumba aku US, zidzabweretsa kupsinjika kwa gawo la msika ndi zopinga zolowera, zomwe kale zinali "inward roll" kapena zidzasinthidwa kukhala "outward roll".
