Ishishini le-photovoltaic (PV) libe yintsika ebalulekileyo yesicwangciso-qhinga se-US sokufikelela ekuzimeleni kwamandla, ukukhuthaza imisebenzi, nokuqinisa ulawulo lwayo lwamandla. Nangona ubuchwepheshe buqale e-US, ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kweshishini le-PV laseTshayina kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini edlulileyo kubeke i-US kwimeko embi kukhuphiswano lwehlabathi. Nangona kunjalo, uMthetho wokuNcitshiswa kwamaxabiso (i-IRA) wangoku njengowona uphambili kuthotho lwemigaqo-nkqubo yotyalo-mali olukhulu kunye nenkxaso ukhokelela imboni yelanga yaseMelika kutshintsho olukhulu, inceda ukuba iphinde ifumane ubunkokeli bokuvelisa ilanga kwihlabathi liphela.
Ngowama-2017, i-US yayikwindawo ye-14 kuphela kumandla okuvelisa iimodyuli ze-PV kwihlabathi liphela, kodwa ngo-2022, ngenxa yokwanda kweefektri ezintsha, ingakumbi kummandla osemazantsi wenkqubela phambili, i-US itsibele kwindawo yesithathu, yadlula ngempumelelo iMalaysia, iThailand, iVietnam kunye neTurkey kunye nezinye iinkampani ezivelisa amandla elanga.
Ngokutsho kwe-US Photovoltaic Association (SEIA) kunye nophando lwamva nje lukaWood Mackenzie, ishishini lokuvelisa amandla elanga laseMelika lizise inguqu ebalulekileyo. I-Alabama, iFlorida, i-Ohio kunye neTexas, zifumene iifektri ezintlanu ezintsha nezikhulayo, kangangokuba amandla okuvelisa imodyuli ye-PV yase-United States aphantse abe yi-40GW, kwimo epheleleyo yemveliso, phantse ahlangabezane nazo zonke iimfuno zamandla elanga zasekhaya zase-US.
Imeko ekhoyo ngoku yecandelo lemveliso ye-PV yaseMelika
1. I-Module iGeorgia, iTexas, iWashington kunye neSouth Carolina zityala imali ezibhiliyoni zeerandi kwimveliso yee-module ze-PV.
2. I-Battery Suniva iqalise ngokutsha isityalo sayo seebhetri eGeorgia, eSouth Carolina, eGeorgia naseIndiana ibhengeze izicwangciso ezintsha zokwenza iibhetri. Okwangoku, umthamo weeseli eziyi-12GW usakhiwa, kwaye kubhengezwe omnye umthamo we-34GW.
3. Iintambo zeSilicon I-QCells yakhe isityalo se-3.3GW rod kunye ne-wafer eGeorgia, kwaye ubuncinane enye inkampani ese-US ilungiselela iprojekthi enxulumene noko, kunye ne-REC Silicon, eqalise ukutyala imali kwakhona kwicandelo le-polysilicon.1 IiTrackers eArizona, eFlorida, eNew Mexico, eTexas naseNevada zikhaya lenani elikhulu labavelisi be-solar tracker, abaye baphinda baqalisa isityalo sentsimbi saseBethlehem esivaliweyo ngaphandle kwePittsburgh.
4. Ukurhangqa eWest Virginia naseTexas ziziseko ezibalulekileyo zokwenza iipali zentsimbi zePV eMelika, ngelixa iUtah ne-Illinois zivelisa uluhlu olubanzi lweeraki zePV.
Kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, abavelisi belanga baseMelika babhengeze utyalo-mali oluyi-$36 yeebhiliyoni kwaye kulindeleke ukuba badale imisebenzi yokuvelisa engaphezulu kwama-44,000. Okwangoku, izityalo ezintsha ezingama-67 ze-PV kunye neendawo zokugcina amandla ziyasebenza, ngelixa ezinye ezingama-48 zisakhiwa ngokukhutheleyo. Njengoko imfuno yomthamo welanga ofakiweyo ikhula, umthamo wokuvelisa ongaphezulu uya kusebenza kwaye uthotho lokubonelela luya kuphucuka kancinci kancinci. Abanye abavelisi sele bemise iifektri kumazwe okanye kwizixeko ezininzi, kwaye i-US sele inawo amandla okuvelisa kulo lonke uthotho loshishino, ukusuka kwi-silicon, iiseli kunye neemodyuli ukuya kwi-inverters, ii-trackers kunye nee-racking.
I-US Photovoltaic Association (SEIA) ikhankanye ukuba ikwiingxoxo neenkampani ezininzi kwaye ikulungele ukuqala isigaba esilandelayo sokwenza amandla elanga ekhaya. Iqhutywa yimigaqo-nkqubo yase-US, oku kungaba ngumzekelo ophumeleleyo wokubuyiselwa kwemveliso kwimbali. Nangona kunjalo, kwiinkampani zaseTshayina, iindleko eziphezulu zotyalo-mali kunye nolawulo kunye nokuqina kokhuphiswano kushishino lwemveliso lwasekhaya lwase-US, kuya kuzisa uxinzelelo lokuncipha kwesabelo semarike kunye nemiqobo yokungena, eyayisakuba yi-"inward roll" okanye iya kuguqulwa ibe yi-"outward roll".
